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Kretzmann's Popular Commentary

Exodus 9:35

And the heart of Pharaoh was hardened, neither would he let the children of Israel go, as the Lord had spoken by Moses. The man who hardens his heart against the influence of God's Word thereby invites the judgment of the Lord upon him. making it impossible for him to repent in truth. The condition of Pharaoh's heart may also be seen from the fact that he broke his promise to Moses. Where there is no fear of the Lord, all obligations of morality and decency are discarded.

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See also Exodus 9:35 in other biblical comments:

  • Adam Clarke Bible Commentary

    Verse Exodus 9:35. _AND THE HEART OF PHARAOH WAS HARDENED_] In consequence of his _sinning yet more, and hardening his_ own _heart_ against both the judgments and mercies of God, we need not be surpr...

  • Albert Barnes' Bible Commentary

    HARDENED - Different words in the Hebrew. In Exodus 9:34 the word means “made heavy,” i. e. obtuse, incapable of forming a right judgment; in Exodus 9:35 it is stronger, and implies a stubborn resolut...

  • Annotated Bible by A.C. Gaebelein

    CHAPTER 9 THE FIFTH, SIXTH, AND SEVENTH PLAGUES _ 1. The fifth plague: the grievous murrain (Exodus 9:1)_ 2. The sixth plague: boils (Exodus 9:8) 3. The warning given (Exodus 9:13) 4. The seventh...

  • Arthur Peake's Commentary on the Bible

    EXODUS 7:14 TO EXODUS 12:36. THE TEN PLAGUES. How deeply this series of events imprinted itself on the mind and heart of the nation is shown by the fulness with which the three sources report them. J...

  • Arthur Peake's Commentary on the Bible

    EXODUS 9:13 TO EXODUS 35:7°. A DEVASTATING HAILSTORM (Exodus 9:13 J, Exodus 9:22 f. E,...

  • Bullinger's Companion Bible Notes

    SPOKEN. Compare Exodus 4:2. BY MOSES. Lit, by the hand of Moses. Figure of speech _Metonymy_ (of Adjunct): hand being put for instrumentality. THE EIGHTH PLAGUE was directed against the god _Serapis...

  • Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

    The _seventh_plague. The hail. From J, with short passages, probably, from E. 13, 17 18. The announcement of the plague: cf. Exodus 8:1-3; Exodus 8:20-23; Exodus 9:1-4....

  • Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

    Exodus 7:14 to Exodus 11:5 _The first nine Plagues_ The narrative of the Plagues, like that of the preceding Chapter s, is composite. The details of the analysis depend partly upon literary criteria...

  • Coke's Commentary on the Holy Bible

    HARDENED HIS HEART—THE HEART OF PHARAOH WAS HARDENED— In ch. Exodus 4:21 the Lord says, _I will harden his heart;_ and in the 1st verse of the next chapter, _I have hardened his heart:_ while in sever...

  • College Press Bible Study Textbook Series

    THE TEXT OF EXODUS TRANSLATION 9 Then Je-ho-vah said unto Mo-ses, Go in unto Pha-raoh, and tell him, Thus saith Je-ho-vah, the God of the Hebrews, Let my people go, that they may serve me. (2) For if...

  • Darby's translation notes (1890)

    9:35 by (e-21) Lit. 'by the hand of.'...

  • Dummelow's Commentary on the Bible

    THE FIFTH, SIXTH, AND SEVENTH PLAGUES 1-7. The Fifth Plague:—Murrain, i.e. cattle plague. Visitations of cattle plague are not uncommon in Egypt. An outbreak in 1842 carried off 40,000 oxen. The mira...

  • EasyEnglish Bible Commentaries

    EXODUS: ISRAEL BECOMES A NATION THE *ISRAELITES LEAVE EGYPT EXODUS CHAPTER S 1 TO 18 _HILDA BRIGHT AND KITTY PRIDE_ CHAPTER 9 *PLAGUE NUMBER 5: THE *EGYPTIANS’ ANIMALS BECOME ILL THE *PLAGUE TH...

  • ETCBC data on Hebrew bible

    וַֽ יֶּחֱזַק֙ לֵ֣ב פַּרְעֹ֔ה וְ לֹ֥א שִׁלַּ֖ח

  • Expositor's Bible Commentary (Nicoll)

    THE SEVENTH PLAGUE. Exodus 9:13. The hardening of Pharaoh's heart, we have argued, was not the debauching of his spirit, but only the strengthening of his will. "Wait on the Lord and _ be of good cou...

  • Frederick Brotherton Meyer's Commentary

    MIGHTY THUNDERINGS AND HAIL Exodus 9:13 This paragraph recalls Revelation 7:3. The great angel there commanded that no wind should blow on the earth, or on the sea, or upon any tree, until the servan...

  • G. Campbell Morgan's Exposition on the Whole Bible

    The patient method of God is manifest in that, notwithstanding the fact that Pharaoh had again broken faith, God again warned him. There being no evidence of repentance, the fifth plague fell upon the...

  • George Haydock's Catholic Bible Commentary

    _Hard. Hebrew, "and he hardened his heart." (Worthington)_...

  • Hawker's Poor man's commentary

    REFLECTIONS Reader! may it be your happiness and mine to follow up the design of the Holy Ghost in dwelling so particularly on this interesting history, and not take our leave of the solemn instructio...

  • Hawker's Poor man's commentary

    What an awful close to the Chapter? Alas! to what an excess of obduracy and hardiness is the human heart capable of arriving. How sweet that prayer of David, Psalms 19:13....

  • Introductory Lectures - Commentary by William Kelly

    There is hardly a book of the Old Testament that stands out in more decided contrast with the book of Genesis than the one which follows it most closely. And this is the more striking, because God emp...

  • John Darby's Synopsis

    THE FOLLOWING COMMENTARY COVERS CHAPTER S 5 THROUGH 13. At the news of the goodness of God, the people adore Him; but the struggle against the power of evil is another matter. Satan will not let the p...

  • John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible

    AND THE HEART OF PHARAOH WAS HARDENED,.... Instead of being softened, as it seemed to be when under the plague, it became harder and harder when delivered from it: NEITHER WOULD HE LET THE CHILDREN O...

  • John Trapp Complete Commentary

    And the heart of Pharaoh was hardened, neither would he let the children of Israel go; as the LORD had spoken by Moses. Ver. 35. _And the heart of Pharaoh was hardened._] Judicially; and penally, aft...

  • KJV Original Language Details

    1 The murraine of beasts. 8 The plague of boyles, and blaines. 13 His message about the haile. 22 The plague of haile. 27 Pharaoh sueth to Moses, 35 but yet is hardened. 1 THEN the LORD said vnt...

  • Lange's Commentary on the Holy Scriptures

    G. THE PLAGUE OF THE HAIL Exodus 9:13-35 13And Jehovah said unto Moses, Rise up early in the morning, and stand before Pharaoh, and say unto him, Thus saith Jehovah, God [the God] of the Hebrews, Let...

  • Leslie M. Grant's Commentary on the Bible

    PLAGUE NO.5 -- LIVESTOCK DISEASED (vs.1-7) Again the Lord requires Moses to repeat his demand to Pharaoh to let the people go. This time He warns that if Pharaoh refuses, He will send a very severe p...

  • Marginal Notes in the King James Version (1611)

    BY MOSES: _ Heb._ by the hand of Moses...

  • Matthew Henry Commentary on the Whole Bible

    22-35 Woful havoc this hail made: it killed both men and cattle; the corn above ground was destroyed, and that only preserved which as yet was not come up. The land of Goshen was preserved. God cause...

  • Matthew Poole's Concise Commentary On The Bible

    No text from Poole on this verse....

  • Patchworkid's Personal Study Bible Notes

    Exodus 9:35 heart H3820 Pharaoh H6547 hard H2388 (H8799) children H1121 Israel H3478 go H7971 (H8765) LORD...

  • Peter Pett's Commentary on the Bible

    THE SEVENTH PLAGUE - THE PLAGUE OF GREAT HAIL SUCH AS HAD NEVER BEEN IN EGYPT (EXODUS 9:13). We now come to the third series of plagues which this time come as judgments from the heavens, the great ha...

  • Sermon Bible Commentary

    Exodus 9:35 This part of the Book of Exodus is, in figure and shadow, the history of God's dealings with us all. Pharaoh is the type of the prince of this world, the devil, and of the wicked world it...

  • Summarized Bible Commentary

    CONTENTS: Plagues of murraine, boils and hail. CHARACTERS: God, Moses, Pharaoh, Aaron. CONCLUSION: The creature is made subject to vanity by reason of man's sins, liable to serve man's wickedness or...

  • Sutcliffe's Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

    Exodus 9:6. _All the cattle of Egypt died;_ that is, all were smitten with the murrain, whose unbelieving owners did not take care to house them: so we read in the twentieth verse concerning the hail....

  • The Biblical Illustrator

    _He sinned yet more._ LESSONS 1. Sense of judgment and mercy without faith worketh more evil in sinners against God. 2. Mercies may prove occasions of hardening unto wicked souls; but no causes of...

  • The ESV Global Study Bible's Study Notes

    EXODUS—NOTE ON EXODUS 9:35 The two references to the HEART OF PHARAOH represent both his responsibility for his own actions (v. Exodus 9:34) and the Lord’s sovereign control (v....

  • The ESV Global Study Bible's Study Notes

    EXODUS—NOTE ON EXODUS 9:13 The Lord explains to Pharaoh the power and purposes of the plagues (vv. Exodus 9:14). It is the first time he offers Pharaoh a way to avoid the effects of a plague (vv....

  • The Preacher's Complete Homiletical Commentary

    CRITICAL NOTES.— Exodus 9:31. Bolled] “In flower.” _MAIN HOMILETICS OF THE PARAGRAPH.— Exodus 9:29_ WISE MINISTERIAL TREATMENT OF AN OBSTINATE SINNER Moses was a true minister. He was a real and wo...

  • The Pulpit Commentaries

    EXPOSITION The plague of hail impressed the Pharaoh more than any previous one. It was the first which had inflicted death on men. It was a most striking and terrible manifestation. It was quite unlik...

  • Through The Bible C2000 Serie by Chuck Smith

    Then the Lord said unto Moses, Go in unto Pharaoh, [Now we have the sixth demand.] and tell him, Thus saith the Lord God of the Hebrews, Let my people go, that they may serve me. For if you refuse to...

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