‘I will be as the dew to Israel, he will blossom as the lily, and cast forth his roots as Lebanon.'

YHWH Himself will be as the dew to Israel (compare Song of Solomon 5:2), resulting in their blossoming like a lily (or crocus) and putting down strong roots. The heavy morning dew was an important feature of agricultural life in Israel, providing moisture which enabled plants to flourish when the rains were absent. The lily was renowned for its beauty (‘consider the lilies of the field') and is especially prominent in the Song of Solomon (Hosea 2:1; Hosea 2:16; Hosea 4:5; Hosea 5:13; Hosea 6:2; Hosea 7:2), especially as describing the beauty of the maiden and the idealistic life ‘among the lilies'. Lebanon was famous as the place where trees grew strong roots (this reverses the judgment in Hosea 9:16). Thus the idea was that by YHWH's abundant provision they would flourish and blossom (compare Song of Solomon 6:11) and put down strong roots in the covenant (compare Isaiah 37:31). Overall it is the same idea as is found in Hosea 6:3.

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