Deuteronomy 5:1-21

Yahweh's covenant (Deuteronomy 4:13 *) with Israel at Horeb (Deuteronomy 1:2 *) and its obligations (Deuteronomy 5:6). With D's version of the Decalogue (Deuteronomy 5:6) compare the earlier form in Exodus 20:1 * (E). Wellhausen is wrong in holding that there is a third (an older) version in Exodus 34:10. The following are the principal characteristics of Dt.'s rendering: (a) There are hortatory additions, (b) The statements are more definite and emphatic. (c) The wife's status is higher. (d) Dt. substitutes a humanitarian motive for the observance of the Sabbath (c f. Exodus 20:11 *). (e) Dt. gives additional motives for honouring parents. (f) Deuteronomy 5:14 adds ox, ass, man-servant, woman-servant to the list in Exodus 20:10 f.