The punishments of disobedience: plague and defeat, to be followed, after neglect of this warning, by infertility and wild animals and, if repentance is still withheld, by the threefold penalty of sword, pestilence, and famine. Sin is to be paid for seven times over (contrast Isaiah 40:2). This is the great prophetic commonplace from Am. (Leviticus 4:4) onwards. In the famine what would have been the portion of one family has to be eked out among ten.

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