1 Corinthians 11:19

δεῖ γὰρ καὶ αἱρέσεις. The turn of the sentence distinguishes αἱρέσεις from σχίσματα. The word αἵρεσις is variously translated in the A.V. It differs from the προαίρεσις of Aristotle (see Nic. Eth. III. ch. 2) in implying less of preference and more of choice, less of reason and more of self-will. The expressions αἵρεσις τῶν Φαρισαίων, Σαδδουκαίων, Ναζωραίων, have more of the signification of our ‘High Church,’ ‘Broad Church’ and ‘Low Church party’ than the idea of sect, as suggested by the A.V., or innovation in doctrine, as in the later theological sense of the word. See Acts 5:17; Galatians 5:20; 1 Timothy 4:1, &c. Cf. also Acts 20:29-30. αἵρεσις signifies the temper of mind which produces σχίσματα, the disposition to think and act to please oneself rather than for the edification of the many.

ἵνα. Here we must render in order that, as though God had permitted these evils to arise in order to test the faith and patience of Christian men. Cf. James 1:3; 1 Peter 1:6-7.

οἱ δόκιμοι. Those who have been tried and stood the test. Opposed to ἀδόκιμοι, rejected. See James 1:12; 2 Corinthians 13:5-7, and ch. 1 Corinthians 9:27.