whom resist stedfast in the faith The word for "resist" is the same as that used in the parallel passage of James 4:7. "Faith" is probably used in its subjective rather than its objective sense, for unshaken trust in God rather than unwavering orthodoxy. Comp. the "shield of faith" in Ephesians 6:16.

knowing that the same afflictions are accomplished in your brethren Better, that the same sufferings (as keeping up the continuity of thought with chaps. 1Pe 1:11, 1 Peter 4:13; 1 Peter 5:1) are being wrought out for your brotherhood (the same collective term as in chap. 1 Peter 2:17) that are in the world. The Apostle appeals to the thought of sympathy with other sufferers as a ground of steadfastness. Those to whom he wrote were not isolated in their afflictions. Far and near there were comrades fighting the same battle. It was at once their duty and their privilege to follow all examples of steadfastness of which they heard elsewhere, and to set that example, so that others, cheered by it, might be strengthened to endure even to the end.

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