1 Thessalonians 5:15

See that none render evil for evil unto anyman] The stress lies not on the personal object, as in the former clause (all, any), but on the quality of the act: better, See that none render unto any one evil in return for evil. The Thessalonian Christians were receiving much evil from the world; possibly some of its members were wronging others: there must be no retaliation. "Blows may fall on you; you must never return them." This command is linked closely with the last; for while that bids each man restrain his own anger, this requires him to check the resentful spirit wherever it appears. It is a reproach to all, a discredit to the common faith, when a Christian gives back wrong for wrong. Comp. Romans 12:19-21, "Be not overcome of evil, but overcome evil with good;" also 1 Peter 2:18-25; and especially the teaching of Christ in Matthew 5:38-48. On evil, see note to 1 Thessalonians 5:22.

but ever followthat which is good This is to "follow" not by way of imitation, as in ch. 1Th 1:6, 1 Thessalonians 2:14, but by way of aim and pursuit: hence, follow after (R. V.). And "the good" is here "the beneficial." As much as to say: "Make the good of your fellow-men your constant pursuit, and let no Injury or unworthiness on their part tarn you aside from it."

This line of conduct is to be pursued both within and without the Church: one toward another, and toward all. Amongst Christians such seeking of the good of others is mutual, and there its best results will appear. But its exercise is to be unlimited. No follower of Christ will do wilful harm to any man. The distinction made "by them of old time. Thou shalt love thy neighbour, and hate thine enemy," Christ, our Lawgiver, has abolished (Matthew 5:43-48).

From socialduties the Apostle's homily now rises to matters of religion, from the claims of Christians on each other to "the will of God" concerning them. See note introductory to 1 Thessalonians 5:12.