2 Kings 10:33

Gilead This country lay between Bashan on the north, and Moab and Ammon on the south. It was of a mountainous character, and was chosen by the tribes of Reuben, Gad and Manasseh because it was so well adapted for the pasturage of their numerous flocks. These tribes were all included at this time in Hazael's conquest, and so the phrase -cut Israel short" was fully borne out, for one quarter of the whole ten tribes was thus taken from her.

Aroer This city was on the south boundary of the tribe of Reuben, which was the southernmost of the three trans-Jordanic tribes. Thus it marks the extreme limit in that direction of the conquests here mentioned, while Bashan marks that on the north. Nothing was left to Israel, east of the Jordan, for Bashan was the northern part of the land assigned to the half tribe of Manasseh.

Arnon This torrent bed, full of water in the rainy season, but dry in summer, after the character of all the clefts in the east of Jordan, is wrongly described by -river" of A.V. In R.V. it is rendered valley of Arnon. It formed the border between Israel and Moab.

Bashan This district, which like Gilead was mountainous, lay between Gilead and Mt Hermon. It was well wooded also. -The oaks of Bashan" are frequently mentioned, and so are the cattle, the -fat bulls of Bashan". The loss of such a district must have been very fatal to Israel. After this notice Bashan, which in the early days is often spoken of in connexion with Og, the king whom the Israelites vanquished on entering the land, disappears from the Bible history. Hazael's conquest was never recovered.