GENERAL TITLE TO THE WHOLE BOOK It dates the following _words_or discourses by Moses, as _beyond_, i.e. E. of, _Jordan_, in the end of _the fortieth year_of the wanderings, after the smiting of Sîḥôn and -Ôg. Like some other titles in the O.T. (e.g. Jeremiah 1:1-3) this is composite, as appears fro... [ Continue Reading ]
_all lsrael_ A designation of the people characteristic of D and deuteronomic writers. See on Deuteronomy 4:44. _beyond Jordan_ As is clear from Deuteronomy 1:5 and elsewhere, the E. of Jordan is intended. The title was therefore written in W. Palestine. A.V. _on this side Jordan_, is an impossible... [ Continue Reading ]
_It is eleven days_", etc.] The distance from the accepted position of Ḥoreb-Sinai to that of Ḳadesh, -Ain Ḳudeis, is -10 or 11 days of common camel-riding" (C. Trumbull _K. B._71, 215): caravans with children and flocks, like Israel's, would of course take longer. _Horeb_ Always in E, and Deut., as... [ Continue Reading ]
_And it came to pass in the fortieth year_, etc.] P alone of the Hex. documents dates by months and days (_I. P._58, 71); and its division of the year is not that which, beginning with the autumn, prevailed in early Israel, but the Babyl. division which began with the spring. The Babyl. system was f... [ Continue Reading ]
_Sihon … and Og_ See below on Deuteronomy 2:26-37, and Deuteronomy 3:1 ff. _at Edrei_ LXX Syr. and Vulg. have _and in Edrei_, as if -Ôg reigned there as well as at -Asht e roth Ḳarnaim, but the Heb. indicating, though awkwardly, the scene of -Ôg's defeat, is confirmed by the Sam.... [ Continue Reading ]
A. Duet Deuteronomy 1:5 to Deuteronomy 4:40. First Discourse and Introduction to the Law-Book 5. Special Title to the First Discourse of Mosesay be seen suspended at the altars of Roman Catholic churches in Switzerland and Italy at the present day: but with "a custom which according to the travelle... [ Continue Reading ]
Duet Deuteronomy 1:6 to Deuteronomy 3:29. Historical Part of the First Introductory Discourse Spoken in the land of Moab (Deuteronomy 1:5) in _the gai_or _glen, over against Beth Pe-or_(Deuteronomy 3:29), a review of Israel's experiences since they left Ḥoreb. In the Plur. form of address except fo... [ Continue Reading ]
_Dread not, neither be afraid_ See on Deuteronomy 1:21; Numbers 14:9 has only the second verb and in a less emphatic form. _Neither be afraid_(lo-ta-arsûn) not elsewhere in prose. But see Deuteronomy 31:6.... [ Continue Reading ]
_who goeth before you_ Heb. emphatically, _the goer before you is He_, found only in D as here or with slight differences, Deuteronomy 1:33; Deuteronomy 20:4; Deuteronomy 31:6; Deuteronomy 31:8; J, Exodus 13:21, has the same part, without the def. art. adding the pillar of cloud and pillar of fire;... [ Continue Reading ]
_the wilderness, where thou hast seen how that … thy God bare thee_ The second of the Sg. passages in this discourse. If we omit it the rest of the verse in the Pl. address follows suitably on the initial conjunction: _and in all the way ye went until ye came to this place_. Possibly, therefore, the... [ Continue Reading ]
_Yet in this thing_ Rather, IN SPITE OF THIS WORD, Deuteronomy 1:29. _ye did not believe_ Heb. _ye were not believing_(participle), i.e. YE CONTINUED, or PERSISTED, NOT TO BELIEVE.... [ Continue Reading ]
_who went before you_ See on Deuteronomy 1:30, and cp. Exodus 13:21. _to seek you out a place_ The same verb, _tûr_, which P uses for exploring; see on Deuteronomy 1:22. This is the only instance of its use in D. Some, therefore, take the verse as a later gloss, which but repeats what is described i... [ Continue Reading ]
God's Anger and Judgements Provoked by the people's words (Deuteronomy 1:34) God swore none should see the good land (Deuteronomy 1:35) but Kaleb, son of Y e phunneh; because he had fully followed Jehovah, to him and his children it should be given (Deuteronomy 1:36). Even with Moses was God angry... [ Continue Reading ]
_the voice of your words_ So Deuteronomy 1:28 and not elsewhere. 34. _and was wroth_ Heb. _wayyiḳṣoph_, Deuteronomy 9:19 and twice in P, but not elsewhere of God in Pent. The causative form _to provoke_God only in Deuteronomy 9:7 f., Deu_9: 32. _and sware_ See on Deuteronomy 1:8.... [ Continue Reading ]
_of this evil generation_ Omit _of_; the clause being in apposition to _these men_. It is not in the LXX and is generally taken as a later explanation that _these men_are not merely the spies but the whole adult generation (Dillm). Whether a gloss or not the explanation is correct. _the good land_ J... [ Continue Reading ]
_save_ Heb. _zûlathî_, in the Hex. only here, Deuteronomy 4:12 and Joshua 11:13. _Caleb the son of Jephunneh_ In the O. T. Kaleb probably meaning _dog_(as from a tribal totem, W. R. Smith, _Kinship_, 200, 219), though other meanings have been suggested 1 [110] is the name both of an individual and o... [ Continue Reading ]
_Also the Lord was angry with me for your sakes_ The Heb. order is more emphatic, _also with me was Jehovah angryhith'annaph_, peculiar in the Pent. to D, and to its passages in the Pl. address, here, Deuteronomy 4:21; Deuteronomy 9:8; Deuteronomy 9:20 _for your sakes, bigelalekem_. So in different... [ Continue Reading ]
_Joshua the son of Nun_ So Deuteronomy 3:28; P, Numbers 27:18 ff.; not given in JE. _which standeth before thee_ Deuteronomy 10:8; so a servant stood before his lord, a courtier before his king, and the Levites before Jehovah. JE, Exodus 24:13 f., _the minister of Moses_. _encourage thou him_ lit.... [ Continue Reading ]
_Moreover your little ones, which ye said should be a prey_ Tautologous with the rest of the verse and wanting in the LXX; therefore probably an editorial addition from Numbers 14:31. _who this day have no knowledge of good or evil_ Who are not of a responsible age, fixed by the more exact P at 20... [ Continue Reading ]
_turn … take your journey_ See on Deuteronomy 1:7 and Deuteronomy 1:9. _by the way to the Red Sea_ IN THE DIRECTION OF; no definite road is meant. They are ordered back into the wilderness, when already on the verge of the good land.... [ Continue Reading ]
_We have sinned against the Lord_ Sam. and LXX add _our God_: cp. JE, Numbers 14:40 _b_, _we have sinned_. _we will go up and fight_ WE, WE WILL GO UP, etc. We ourselves, the doomed generation, and not leave the advance to our children. JE, _Behold us, we will go up_. _and were forward to go up_ DE... [ Continue Reading ]
_Say unto them, Go not up … for I am not among you_ JE, Numbers 14:42. See previous note. _lest ye be smitten_, etc.] JE, Numbers 14:42.... [ Continue Reading ]
_rebelled_ See on Deuteronomy 1:26. _and were presumptuous_ Heb. _boiled over_, acted impulsively and with passion or rebelliously, Deuteronomy 17:2; Deuteronomy 18:20.... [ Continue Reading ]
_the Amorites_ So D characteristically (see above on Deuteronomy 1:7) names the peoples whom J, Numbers 14:45, calls _Amalekites and Canaanites_. _as bees do_ Swarming in their multitudes; cp. Isaiah 7:18; Psalms 118:12; _Iliad_, ii. 87 ff., -As when the tribes of thronging bees issue from some hol... [ Continue Reading ]
_nor gave ear_ A poetic word used in the Hex. in prose only here and in the deuteronomic passage, Exodus 15:26 (see Driver). The repentance of the people is not even yet satisfactory; see on 41.... [ Continue Reading ]
_So ye abode in Ḳadesh_ So JE, Numbers 20:1 _b_, but apparently of a later residence than this. _many days, according unto the days that ye abode_there] -An example of the "idem per idem" idiom often employed in the Semitic languages, when a writer is either unable or has no occasion to speak expli... [ Continue Reading ]