Deuteronomy 3:1

turned, and went up See on Deuteronomy 1:7.

Bashan Heb. the Bashan, so in all historical statements and sometimes in poetry in which however the article is oftener omitted (HGHL, 549 n. 7). In its wider sense the name covered all the land from the. Yarmûk to Ḥermon, Deuteronomy 4:43; Deuteronomy 33:22. But its proper application was confined to the land immediately N. of the Yarmûk and E. of Geshur and Ma-akah, the present Jaulan (see below Deuteronomy 3:14; Deuteronomy 4:43): the S. end of Ḥauran, including -Ashtaroth (perhaps Tell el -Ashari) on the W., Edre-i on the S. and Salkah on the S.E. (Deuteronomy 1:4; Deuteronomy 3:10; Joshua 9:10; Joshua 12:4; Joshua 13:11 f., Joshua 13:31), the district known in Greek times as Batanea, and in the 10th century still called -Ard-el-Bathaniyeh, containing Edre-i (Idrisi); but to-day the name has drifted N.E. to the E. of the Lejá. Ar. Bathnahmeans level, loamy land (Freytag) and suits the region. See HGHL, 549, 553, 570 f.

Og The name -Og, LXX Ιώγ and Ὤγ, does not occur except as that of the king of Bashan; the root meaning -curved" or -round" supplies some Ar. geographical names. W. R. Smith (Rel. of the Sem.83) arguing that in Heb. a king's name is usually joined with that of his people or of his capital (e.g. Sîḥôn, king of the Amorites, or of Ḥeshbon) and that -Ôg's is the only exception, takes -Ôg -who is a mythical figure" as presumably -an old god of the region."

Edrei Edre-ion the S. frontier of Bashan (Deuteronomy 3:10), the Otara-a of Egyptian inscriptions, Adra of Ptolemy, Adraa of Euseb., now Edhra-at, Dera-at or on Bedawee lips "Azra-at, a strong site on the S. edge of the gorge that forms the S. limit of Ḥauran, and further entrenched by a tributary ravine. In the rock beneath the walled city, a labyrinth of streets with houses and shops was excavated. That this marvel is not mentioned in the O.T. proves it of later date, and indeed its architecture and inscriptions point to the Greek period: HGHL, 576, ZDPV, xx. 118 ff. On the only possible remains in Bashan of -Ôg's time see Driver, Deut., in loco.