Ezekiel 31:12

The tenses in Ezekiel 31:12 are perfects of threatening: the fut. would be plainer in Ezekiel 31:12 as A.V. Ezekiel 31:13. On "terrible" cf. Ezekiel 28:7.

have left him cast him down, ch. Ezekiel 32:4; Amos 5:2. His great trunk covers the land and fills the watercourses. The nations who dwelt under his shadow, seeking his protection, have fled away from him (Daniel 4:11). For people, peoples.

have left him and (or, for) they have cast him down. The words seem emphatic repetition from the beginning of the verse.