Ezekiel 36:20

These disasters which the people of Jehovah brought on themselves led to the desecration of his name among the heathen. The nations judged him weak and unable to protect his people. In the eyes of the nations the interests of the god and his people were one; if a people was subdued by another it was because its god was too feeble to protect it. Naturally the idea of a god exercising a moral rule over his own people would not yet occur to them. That Jehovah so rules is the lesson which the history of Israel, its dispersion and restoration, is intended to read to the nations of the earth. This lesson was one which Israel itself was slow to learn, and when Amos (Ezekiel 3:2) read it to them, it was perhaps as strange to some as it might be to the heathen.

they profaned i.e. Israel. Israel by bringing their dispersion upon themselves led to the desecration of Jehovah's name by the nations, and hence they are said directly to have profaned his name (Ezekiel 36:21).

whenthey said to them when it was said of them, These are … and they are gone forth …, i.e. though the people of Jehovah, they have been driven into exile out of the land he has not been able to protect them.