Jehovah speaks. The description of anarchy and civil war recalls ch. Isaiah 3:5; Isaiah 9:18 ff.

I will set … Egyptians Lit. I will stir up (see ch. Isaiah 9:11) Egypt against Egypt the general expression for civil discord which is explained in the remainder of the verse. kingdom against kingdom LXX. νομὸς ἐπὶ νομόν a correct translation drawn from the translator's local knowledge of Egypt. The numerous nomesor cantons were but loosely federated, and dissensions and local jealousies were always apt to break out when the central government was paralysed.

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