he described for him he wrote down (and gave) unto him. The knowledge of writing must have been widely spread even at this early period. Cf. the similar incidents in Judges 1:24 f.; 1 Samuel 30:11-16.

the elders Cf. Judges 8:16; the leading inhabitants and representatives of a district or city, e.g. Judges 11:5-11; they constituted the local authority and transacted public business, e. g. 1 Kings 21:8; 1 Kings 21:11. Eldersand princesthe latter perhaps the executive of the local authority are mentioned together in 2 Kings 10:1; Psalms 105:22; Ezra 10:8; Ezra 10:14.

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