And the church. House-churches were common in the first century, but they also met in the temple (Acts 2:46), and in other buildings (Acts 19:9-10). Apphia. She may have been Philemon's wife. "Sister" may, like "brother" Timothy, point to one who takes an active role in the gospel. Compare Romans 16:12. Archippus. Some think he was Philemon's son. "Fellow soldier" shows he was a minister in the gospel (evangelist). He is mentioned in Colossians 4:17. Meyer points to the tact of Paul in those associated with Philemon in the house, but not going beyond the limits of the house.

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Old Testament