Smoke and fire often show God’s terrible arrival to carry out his fierce judgement (see 2 Samuel 22:8-16; Isaiah 66:15-16).

• God’s word brings life and health to those who accept it. But his word brings a sudden and terrible death to those who refuse it.

Those who hurt God’s people, even as tools in God’s hand, are still responsible for their own behaviour. An earlier passage (see Isaiah 10:12) had described God’s choice of Assyria to punish Israel. But that passage also said that afterwards God would arrange for Assyria’s punishment.

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