This verse is about the punishment that God will give to the foreign nations. The people in those nations have not obeyed God. Therefore he is angry with them. He will show to them his great anger. God is angry on behalf of his people, the nation called *Israel. He will now punish *Israel’s enemies. All through time, God has protected his people. Other nations have not obeyed him. But God protects his people against those nations. A time will come when he will again use his power against those other nations. That will happen when Christ comes the second time (2 Thessalonians 1:8; Luke 18:7-8; Luke 21:22; Revelation 6:10).

The *Hebrew text here contains also the words for ‘take vengeance’. To ‘take vengeance’ means that a person acts with anger against another person. He does it because that other person has hurt someone. Maybe that other person hurt the person that is now angry. Or maybe the other person hurt the angry person’s relative or friend. ‘Vengeance’ in the Bible means something special. It is the method by which God defends his people. He wants to do good things to his people. So he punishes those people that do not obey him. He is angry with those that do not want to know him. Only God has the power really to take vengeance. Only he has the right to do it (Deuteronomy 32:35; Hebrews 10:30; Romans 12:19). God has the desire to help his people. And he has the power to do it. But sometimes God’s people do not believe that. His people should not themselves take vengeance. To do it themselves means that they do not trust God.

Messiah ~ God’s special servant; the man that the Jews expected to come to the Earth; the only person that can put people into a right relationship with God; the man that will come again to rule all the people in the world. ‘Messiah’ is a name for Jesus Christ. It means the person that God appointed to rule. God sent him to save us from God’s anger. (God’s anger is because of the bad things that we do.)
Jew ~ a descendant from Abraham, Isaac and Jacob; a person who belongs to the nation called Israel; a person who follows the same religion as the people in the nation called Israel.
descendant ~ a child, grandchild, and so on; a person in your family who lives after you are dead.
Israel ~ the name that God gave to Jacob; all the people that are descendants from Abraham’s, Isaac’s and Jacob’s family; the group of people that God chose; the northern part of the country that God gave to his people; the people in that northern part, who had their own king; the nation that consists of Jews and people that speak Hebrew.
Hebrew ~ the language that Jewish people speak.
Jewish ~ this word describes a Jew; or it describes anything that belongs to a Jew.
descendant ~ a child, grandchild, and so on; a person in your family who lives after you are dead.
Israel ~ the name that God gave to Jacob; all the people that are descendants from Abraham’s, Isaac’s and Jacob’s family; the group of people that God chose; the northern part of the country that God gave to his people; the people in that northern part, who had their own king; the nation that consists of Jews and people that speak Hebrew.
descendant ~ a child, grandchild, and so on; a person in your family who lives after you are dead.
Jew ~ a descendant from Abraham, Isaac and Jacob; a person who belongs to the nation called Israel; a person who follows the same religion as the people in the nation called Israel.
Hebrew ~ the language that Jewish people speak.
Jewish ~ this word describes a Jew; or it describes anything that belongs to a Jew.
rod ~ a thin stick; a stick that someone uses to give punishment; an object that is like a stick and it shows authority.
salvation ~ when God removes us from sin’s results and its power; when God rescues a person from evil things and their results; forgiveness by God when we follow Jesus and we are sorry for our wrong behaviour.
sin ~ when people do wrong things against God; when we do not obey God’s commands; the evil nature that is in us, which we were born with.
forgiveness ~ when you show pity towards a person that has done something wrong to you; when you do not accuse that person any longer and you do not continue to remember those bad things; when God frees us from punishment for wrong things.
BC ~ 600 BC means the year that was 600 years before Jesus came to the Earth, and so on.
Hebrew ~ the language that Jewish people speak.
Jewish ~ this word describes a Jew; or it describes anything that belongs to a Jew.
Jew ~ a descendant from Abraham, Isaac and Jacob; a person who belongs to the nation called Israel; a person who follows the same religion as the people in the nation called Israel.
descendant ~ a child, grandchild, and so on; a person in your family who lives after you are dead.
Israel ~ the name that God gave to Jacob; all the people that are descendants from Abraham’s, Isaac’s and Jacob’s family; the group of people that God chose; the northern part of the country that God gave to his people; the people in that northern part, who had their own king; the nation that consists of Jews and people that speak Hebrew.
prophet ~ a person who is able to tell other people what God wants; a person who speaks on behalf of God; someone who tells about things that will happen in the future. But a false prophet is someone who merely pretends to speak God’s words.'Old Testament ~ the first part of the Bible, which the writers wrote before Jesus lived on the Earth; the holy things that the writers wrote before Christ’s birth.
Lord ~ someone with authority; or, a name for God in the Bible; it means that he is above all other things; a name that we use for Jesus; we use that name when we obey him.
LORD ~ the special name for God that he himself told the Jews to call him in the Old Testament. The Hebrew word is Yahweh. Do not confuse ‘LORD’ with ‘Lord’. ‘Lord’ can mean that you respect any person. But ‘LORD’ only means the real God. ‘LORD’ and ‘Lord’ translate two completely different Hebrew words.
Jew ~ a descendant from Abraham, Isaac and Jacob; a person who belongs to the nation called Israel; a person who follows the same religion as the people in the nation called Israel.

Old Testament ~ the first part of the Bible, which the writers wrote before Jesus lived on the Earth; the holy things that the writers wrote before Christ’s birth.
Hebrew ~ the language that Jewish people speak.
descendant ~ a child, grandchild, and so on; a person in your family who lives after you are dead.
Israel ~ the name that God gave to Jacob; all the people that are descendants from Abraham’s, Isaac’s and Jacob’s family; the group of people that God chose; the northern part of the country that God gave to his people; the people in that northern part, who had their own king; the nation that consists of Jews and people that speak Hebrew.
Jewish ~ this word describes a Jew; or it describes anything that belongs to a Jew.
remnant ~ the few people that remain from the nation called Israel.
Israel ~ the name that God gave to Jacob; all the people that are descendants from Abraham’s, Isaac’s and Jacob’s family; the group of people that God chose; the northern part of the country that God gave to his people; the people in that northern part, who had their own king; the nation that consists of Jews and people that speak Hebrew.
descendant ~ a child, grandchild, and so on; a person in your family who lives after you are dead.
Jew ~ a descendant from Abraham, Isaac and Jacob; a person who belongs to the nation called Israel; a person who follows the same religion as the people in the nation called Israel.
Hebrew ~ the language that Jewish people speak.
Jewish ~ this word describes a Jew; or it describes anything that belongs to a Jew.
Israelite ~ a Jew; a person from the nation called Israel.
Jew ~ a descendant from Abraham, Isaac and Jacob; a person who belongs to the nation called Israel; a person who follows the same religion as the people in the nation called Israel.
Israel ~ the name that God gave to Jacob; all the people that are descendants from Abraham’s, Isaac’s and Jacob’s family; the group of people that God chose; the northern part of the country that God gave to his people; the people in that northern part, who had their own king; the nation that consists of Jews and people that speak Hebrew.
descendant ~ a child, grandchild, and so on; a person in your family who lives after you are dead.
Hebrew ~ the language that Jewish people speak.
Jewish ~ this word describes a Jew; or it describes anything that belongs to a Jew.
sin ~ when people do wrong things against God; when we do not obey God’s commands; the evil nature that is in us, which we were born with.'spiritual, spiritually ~ holy; these words describe the inner part of a person, that can contact God; these words describe holy things.
Jew ~ a descendant from Abraham, Isaac and Jacob; a person who belongs to the nation called Israel; a person who follows the same religion as the people in the nation called Israel.
descendant ~ a child, grandchild, and so on; a person in your family who lives after you are dead.
Israel ~ the name that God gave to Jacob; all the people that are descendants from Abraham’s, Isaac’s and Jacob’s family; the group of people that God chose; the northern part of the country that God gave to his people; the people in that northern part, who had their own king; the nation that consists of Jews and people that speak Hebrew.
Hebrew ~ the language that Jewish people speak.
Jewish ~ this word describes a Jew; or it describes anything that belongs to a Jew.
shepherd ~ a person who looks after sheep.'eternal life ~ a special and new life that a person starts when they accept Jesus. This new life is to be with Jesus for always.
shepherd ~ a person who looks after sheep.
Assyrians ~ these people came from the country called Assyria.'New Testament ~ the last part of the Bible, which the writers wrote after Jesus lived on the Earth. It is about Christ’s deeds and the things that he taught. It is also about the church, the people that have believed in him.
dew ~ drops of water on the ground in the early morning.
prophecy ~ messages and stories that God has given to a person; messages that tell about things before they happen; the messages that a prophet speaks or the messages that he writes.
prophet ~ a person who is able to tell other people what God wants; a person who speaks on behalf of God; someone who tells about things that will happen in the future. But a false prophet is someone who merely pretends to speak God’s words.

'spiritual, spiritually ~ holy; these words describe the inner part of a person, that can contact God; these words describe holy things.
covenant ~ a serious agreement between two or more people; a serious agreement between God and a person (or a nation).
worship ~ a way to act when we are with God; to give thanks to God and Jesus; to bend oneself down in front of God (or a false god); to show honour to God; to say that we love God very much. We usually worship together with other people, with prayers and many happy songs.
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