GALATIANS—NOTE ON Galatians 4:21 Paul again emphasizes the difference between being a free child of God and being a slave to the law, sin, and false gods. Abraham’s son Ishmael—technically the firstborn—represents the slave sons of Abraham and thus the enslaving Sinai covenant. Isaac represents the free sons of Abraham (see Genesis 16:1; Genesis 21:1; Galatians 3:7, Galatians 3:29).

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