HOSEA—NOTE ON Hosea 10:11 Ephraim was a trained calf is another reference to Israel’s beginnings. Israel once loved to thresh in his field (see Deuteronomy 25:4). But now the Israelites have plowed iniquity... reaped injustice. Therefore, the Lord must harness Ephraim so that she will sow the seeds of righteousness and plow and reap a crop of steadfast love (compare Hosea 8:7). Ignoring the prophet’s appeals will result in a military disaster.

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