ἐν τῷ φωτὶ μένει : he does not merely catch glimpses of the light but “abideth in it,” being of one mind with God, the common Father, who “is light” (1 John 1:5). σκάνδαλον οὐκ ἔστιν ἐν αὐτῷ, “there is no occasion of stumbling, nothing to trip him up and make him fall, in his case” an echo of John 11:9-10. Another interpretation, less agreeable to the context but more consonant with the common use of σκάνδαλον (cf. Matthew 13:41; Matthew 18:7; Romans 14:13), is: Because he is winsome and gracious, there is in him no stumbling-block to others, nothing to deter them from accepting the Gospel. The love of the primitive Christians impressed the heathen. Cf. Tert. Apol. 39: “Vide, inquiunt, ut invicem se diligant: ipsi enim invicem oderunt; et ut pro alterutro mori sint parati: ipsi enim ad occidendum alterutrum paratiores erunt”. Ep. ad Diogn. 1: καὶ τίνα φιλοστοργίαν ἔχουσι πρὸς ἀλλήλους. This spirit disappeared, and in view of the bitter controversies of the 4th century the Pagan historian Ammianus avowed that “the enmity of the Christians toward each other surpassed the fury of savage beasts against man”. Another interpretation takes αὐτῷ as neuter: “There is no occasion of stumbling in it,” i.e., in the light. Cf. John 11:9.

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Old Testament