πάλιν ἤρξατο. After spending some time in teaching disciples, Jesus resumes His wider ministry among the people in the open air: at various points along the shore of the sea (παρὰ τ. θ.). Speaking to larger crowds than ever (ὄχλος πλεῖστος), which could be effectively addressed only by the Speaker getting into a boat (πλοῖον, τὸ πλοῖον would point to the boat which Jesus had asked the disciples to have in readiness, Mark 3:9), and sailing out a little distance from the shore, the people standing on the land as close to the sea as possible (πρὸς τ. θ.).

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Old Testament