"In contrast to his friend's limited exaltation of God (Job 25:3-5), Job majestically sweeps beyond. Even those in Sheol (figuratively beneath the waters, or earth, Philippians 2:10) are naked before God" (Jackson p. 61). The expression "departed spirits" seems to refer to the "elite" among dead, i.e., the once powerful. Job notes that God rules over the realm of the dead, and the departed spirits tremble, which indicates consciousness after death.

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Old Testament