Covetous [φ ι λ α ρ γ υ ρ ο ι]. Rev. renders literally, according to the composition of the word, lovers of money. Only here and 2 Timothy 3:2. Compare the kindred noun, 1 Timothy 6:10. The usual word for covetous is pleonekthv (1 Corinthians 5:10; 1 Corinthians 5:11; 1 Corinthians 6:10).

Derided [ε ξ ε μ υ κ τ η ρ ι ξ ο ν]. Only here and ch. 23 35. Lit., to turn up the nose at. The Romans had a corresponding phrase, naso adunco suspendere, to hang on the hooked nose : i e., to turn up the nose and make a hook of it, on which (figuratively) to hang the subject of ridicule. Thus Horace, in one of his satires, giving an account of a pretentious banquet at the house of a rich miser, describes on of the guests as hanging everything to his nose; i e., making a joke of everything that occurred. The simple verb occurs at Galatians 6:7, of mocking God.

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Old Testament