The four beasts and four and twenty elders; here, as in verse Revelation 5:14, and in chapter Revelation 4:9-10, the four living ones begin the adoration of God, and then the four and twenty elders follow.

Golden vials; rather, golden bowls or goblets. The harps, the bowls, and the new song seem to belong to the elders, and not to the four living creatures. Compare verse Revelation 5:14, where the worship of the four living creatures is distinguished from that of the four and twenty elders.

Which are the prayers; showing the acceptableness to God of humble, believing, affectionate, and fervent prayer.

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Old Testament