JESUS. App-98. SCOURGED. Greek. _mastigoo._ Not the same word as in Matthew 27:26; Mark 15:15, which is _phragelloo._ Compare John 2:15. A Florentine Papyrus of A.D. 85 contains the following addressed by. Prefect in Egypt to one Phibion: "Thou wast worthy of scourging... but. deliver thee to the p... [ Continue Reading ]
OF. out of. Greek. _ek._ App-104. THORNS. The sign of earth's curse (Genesis 3:18). PURPLE. Greek. _porphureos._ The adjective occurs only here, John 19:5, and Revelation 18:16.... [ Continue Reading ]
HAIL. See on Matthew 27:29. SMOTE HIM, &c.. gave Him blows. See John 18:22.... [ Continue Reading ]
THEREFORE. All the texts omit. FORTH. outside. Greek. _exo._ See John 18:29. BEHOLD. Greek. _ide._ App-133. THAT. in order that. Greek. _hina._ KNOW. Greek. _ginosko._ App-132. NO. Greek. _oudeis._ FAULT. See John 18:38. IN. Greek. _en._ App-104. And yet he had scourged Him, illegally, hoping... [ Continue Reading ]
THEN. Therefore. CROWN OF THORNS. literally the thorny crown. Not the same expression as in John 19:2. THE PURPLE ROBE. To the horrible torture of the flagellum had been added the insults and cruelties of the soldiers. Compare Isaiah 50:6. MAN. Greek. _anthropos._ App-123. Pilate hoped the pitiab... [ Continue Reading ]
CHIEF PRIESTS. These would, no doubt, include Caiaphas. OFFICERS. See 18. s. These temple guards are con spicuous for their zeal, due perhaps to the Lord's interference with the sellers of Matthew 21:12. SAW. Greek. _eidon._ App-133. CRIED OUT. See John 18:40. CRUCIFY. See App-162. Omit "Him" in... [ Continue Reading ]
BY. according to. Greek. _kata._ App-104. OUR. the. OUGHT. Greek _opheilo._ Elsewhere in John only in John 13:14. MADE HIMSELF, &c. This was the charge on which the Sanhedrin condemned Him. See Matthew 26:65; Matthew 26:66. Compare Leviticus 24:16. SON OF GOD. App-98.... [ Continue Reading ]
SAYING. Greek. _logos._ See Mark 9:32. THE MORE AFRAID. A dreadful presentiment was growing in Pilate's mind, due to what he may have heard of the Lord's miracles, to His bearing throughout the trial, and to his wife's message.... [ Continue Reading ]
INTO. Greek. _eis._ App-104. JUDGMENT HALL. See John 18:28. WHENCE ART THOU? This was Pilate's fifth question of THE LORD. See John 18:33; John 18:35; John 18:37; John 18:38. It expressed the fear that was growing within him. Pilate may have been. freethinker (as some infer from John 18:38), but l... [ Continue Reading ]
NOT. Greek. _ou._ App-105. KNOWEST. Greek. _oida._ App-132. POWER. authority. Greek. _exousia._ App-172.... [ Continue Reading ]
NO... AT ALL. Greek. _ouk oudeis._. double negative. AGAINST. Greek. _kata._ App-104. EXCEPT. Greek. _ei me' =_ if not, FROM ABOVE. Greek. _anothen._ See on John 3:3. THEREFORE. on account of (Greek. _dia._ App-104.John 19:2; John 19:2) this. HE THAT, &c.: i.e. Caiaphas. Judas had delivered Him... [ Continue Reading ]
FROM THENCEFORTH. on (Greek. _ek._ App-104.) this. SOUGHT. was seeking. IF. App-118. CAESAR. Greek. _Kaisar._ This title was adopted by the Roman emperors after Julius Caesar. Frequently found in inscriptions. Deissmann, _Light, &c., p._ 383. Octavius added the title Augustus (Luke 2:1). Greek. S... [ Continue Reading ]
WHEN PILATE, &c.. Pilate therefore having heard. THAT SAYING. All the texts read "these words". IN. upon. Greek. _epi._ App-104. JUDGMENT SEAT. Greek. _bema:_ literally. pace,. step, then. platform or raised place. In this case it was. stone platform with. seat in the open court in front of the P... [ Continue Reading ]
THE PREPARATION: i.e. the day before the Passover was eaten "at even" on the 14th Nisan. All four Gospels state that our Lord was entombed on the Preparation Day (verses: John 19:31; John 19:42.Matthew 27:62.Mark 15:42.Luke 23:54; Luke 23:54). See App-165. THE SIXTH HOUR: i.e. midnight. The hours in... [ Continue Reading ]
AWAY WITH. Greek. _airo._ First occurrence in John 1:29. The imperative _aron_ is used in exactly the same way in. Papyrus from Oxyrhynchus, in. letter from. boy to his father. Deissmann, _Light,_ p. 187. SHALL.... ?. Is it your King. am to crucify? WE HAVE, &c. This was their final and deliberate... [ Continue Reading ]
DELIVERED, &c.: i.e. to their will (Luke 23:25). Thus the Lord's execution was in Jewish hands (Acts 2:23). The centurion and his quaternion of soldiers merely carried out the decision of the chief priests, Pilate having pronounced no sentence, but washed his hands, literally as well as metaphorical... [ Continue Reading ]
CROSS. Greek. _stauros._ See App-162. SKULL. Greek. _kranion._ See Matthew 27:33. GOLGOTHA. Aramaic. App-94.... [ Continue Reading ]
TWO OTHER. other two. App-164. OTHER. Greek. _altos._ App-124. WITH. Greek. _meta._ App-104. ON EITHER SIDE ONE. Greek. _enteuthen kai enteuthen:_ literally hither and thither, i.e. on this side and on that side. This was before the parting of the garments (John 19:23). See App-164. AND, &c.: li... [ Continue Reading ]
AND. Moreover. WROTE. John alone mentions that Pilate wrote it himself. See App-163. ON. Greek. _epi._ App-104. THE WRITING WAS. it was written. OF NAZARETH. the Nazarene. See John 18:5.... [ Continue Reading ]
FOR. BECAUSE. Greek. _hoti._ NIGH. Probably just outside the north wall, between the Damascus Gate and Herod's Gate, and near the so-called grotto of Jeremiah, about half. mile from the Prsetorium. See Conder's _Jerusalem, p. 161, &c.,_ and Palestine Exploration Society's maps.... [ Continue Reading ]
THE CHIEF PRIESTS OF THE JEWS. This expression occurs only here. They were no longer God's priests. NOT. Greek. _ou._ App-105. HE. that fellow. Greek. _ekeinos._ Spoken with contempt.... [ Continue Reading ]
WHAT, &c. Figure of speech _Amphibologia._ App-6. I HAVE WRITTEN. It therefore stands written for ever. Caiaphas as representative of the Jews proclaimed the Lord as Saviour for the world, Pilate fastens upon the Jews the hated name of the Nazarene as their King.... [ Continue Reading ]
THE SOLDIERS. These were probably slaves attached to the legion who were employed as executioners. TOOK. received. The garments were their perquisite. COAT. Greek. _chiton._. tunic worn next the body, and reaching to the knees. WITHOUT SEAM. Greek. _arraphos. Occurs_ only here. Josephus says one... [ Continue Reading ]
AMONG THEMSELVES. to (Greek. _pros._ App-104.) one another. FOR. concerning. Greek. _peri._ App-104. THE SCRIPTURE, &c. See John 13:18; John 17:12; John 18:9; John 18:32. The quotation is from Psalms 22:18. RAIMENT. Same word as "garments" in John 19:23. FOR. upon. Greek. _epi._ App-104. THESE T... [ Continue Reading ]
NOW. But. STOOD. were standing. BY. beside. Greek. _para._ App-104. MARY. See App-100. John omits the name of his own mother Salome, who was there also (Matthew 27:56).... [ Continue Reading ]
WHEN. &c. Read, "Jesus therefore, seeing". LOVED. Greek. _agapao._ App-135. WOMAN. See on John 2:4. BEHOLD. Gr idou. App-133.; but the texts read _ide._ App-133. SON. Greek. _huios._ App-108. Joseph being evidently dead, and her firstborn son (Matthew 1:25) dying, there would be no support for M... [ Continue Reading ]
FROM. Greek. _apo._ App-104. UNTO HIS OWN. Greek. _eis_ (App-104.) ta idia. This expression occurs in John 1:11; John 16:32.Acts 21:6. A different phrase in John 20:10.... [ Continue Reading ]
AFTER. Greek. _meta._ App-104. WERE NOW ACCOMPLISHED. have been already finished. Greek. _teleo_ Not the same word as "fulfilled", which is teleioo. consummated. There is. deep sig nificance here. He saw the casting of the lots, and knew that all that the Scripture had foretold of others was finish... [ Continue Reading ]
NOW. All the texts omit. VINEGAR. See note... [ Continue Reading ]
HAD RECEIVED. received. [on Mat 27:84. IT IS FINISHED. Greek. _teleo,_ as in John 19:28; Psalms 22 ends with. the word "done". Of the seven sayings from the Cross, Matthew (Joh 27:46) and Mark (Joh 15:34) record one (Psalms 22:1); Luke three (Joh 23:34, Joh 23:43, Joh 23:46); and John three (verses:... [ Continue Reading ]
REMAIN. Greek. _mend._ See p. 1511. Compare Deuteronomy 21:23. UPON. Greek. _epi._ App-104. ON. Greek _en._ App-104. AN HIGH DAY. It was the first day of the Feast, the 15th Nisan. See Leviticus 23:6; Leviticus 23:7. Our Wednesday sunset to Thursday sunset. See App-156. BESOUGHT. Greek _erotao._... [ Continue Reading ]
THE FIRST, &c. See App-164. CRUCIFIED WITH. Greek. _sustauroo._ Only here, Matthew 27:44.Mark 15:32.Romans 6:6; Galatians 1:2; Galatians 1:20.... [ Continue Reading ]
TO. Greek. _epi._ App-104.... [ Continue Reading ]
PIERCED. Greek. _nusso_. Occurs only here. SIDE. Greek. _pleura,_ Only here; John 20:20; John 20:25; John 20:27; Acts 12:7. FORTHWITH. immediately. Greek _euthus._ BLOOD AND WATER. The question of the physical cause of the Lord's death has been much discussed; but we need not seek. natural explana... [ Continue Reading ]
SAW. Greek. _horao._ App-133. BARE RECORD. Greek. _martureo._ RECORD. Greek. _marturia._ Both these are characteristic words in this Gospel. See note on John 1:7, and p. 1511. TRUE. reliable, genuine. See App-175 and p. 1511. TRUE. true to fact. See App-175 and p. 1511. BELIEVE. App-150.... [ Continue Reading ]
A. BONE, &c. This has reference to Exodus 12:46; Numbers 9:12. Thus in all things He was the antitype of the Passover lamb. BROKEN. Greek _suntribo._ Not the same word as in verses: John 19:31; John 19:32. Compare Psalms 34:20.... [ Continue Reading ]
AN OTHER. Greek. _heteros._ App-124. saith. Note the careful discrimination in the words used. The former Scripture was fulfilled, i.e. filled full. This is not fulfilled, but in order to its fulfilment it was necessary that He should be pierced. See Zechariah 12:10. It was fulfilled in the case of... [ Continue Reading ]
THIS. these things. OF. from. Greek. _apo._ App-104. ARIMATHSEA. Probably Ramah, where Samuel was born. 1 Samuel 1:1; 1 Samuel 1:19. Called in the Septuagint Armathaim. A DISCIPLE... BUT SECRETLY. Matthew calls him "a rich man" (Joh 27:57); Mark, "an honourable counsellor" (Joh 15:43); Luke, "a g... [ Continue Reading ]
ALSO NICODEMUS. Read, Nicodemus also. NICODEMUS. See John 3:1, and John 7:50. TO. Greek. _pros._ App-104. BY NIGHT. Now he comes openly, as Joseph did, AND BROUGHT. bringing. A MIXTURE. Greek. _migma._ Occurs only here. Some read _heligma. a_ roll. MYRRH. Greek. _smurna._ Only here and in Matt... [ Continue Reading ]
WOUND. Greek. _deo._ Generally translated "bind". See John 11:44; John 18:12; John 18:24. The other evangelists use. different word. LINEN CLOTHES. linen cloths or bandages. The rolls' used for swathing the bodies of the rich (Isaiah 53:9). The Rabbis say criminals were wrapped in old rags. BURY. e... [ Continue Reading ]
GARDEN. Greek. _kepos._ See John 18:1. NEW. Greek. _kainos._ See on Matthew 9:17. SEPULCHRE. tomb. Greek. _mnemeion._ Before this in John translated "grave", John 5:28; John 11:17; John 11:31; John 11:38; John 12:17. WHEREIN. in (Greek. _en._ App-104.) _which._ NEVER MAN YET. not yet any one. Gr... [ Continue Reading ]
THERE LAID THEY JESUS. Here the body (John 19:38) is called "Jesus". Compare John 20:2. BECAUSE OF. on account of. Greek. _dia._ App-104.John 19:2.... [ Continue Reading ]