Living waters. — The symbol of Divine knowledge and spiritual vitality (Joel 3:18; Ezekiel 47).

Former. — Or front, i.e., eastern (marg.) — meaning the Dead Sea.

Hinder.i.e., western, meaning the Mediterranean. These boundaries denote the whole of the Holy Land.

In summer and in winter. — The stream shall be perennial, not drying up in summer, as the Eastern wadis do.

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