INTRODUCTION TO DANIEL 8
This chapter contains the vision of a ram and he goat, and the
interpretation of it. It begins with observing the time and place of
the vision, Daniel 8:1, then describes the ram seen; by the place of
his situation; by his two horns; and by his pushing several ways with
so... [ Continue Reading ]
IN THE THIRD YEAR OF THE REIGN OF KING BELSHAZZAR,.... Which some say
t was the last year of his reign; but, according to Ptolemy's canon,
he reigned seventeen years; and so says Josephus u; however, this, as
well as the preceding vision, were seen before what happened recorded
in the "fifth" and "s... [ Continue Reading ]
AND I SAW IN A VISION,.... The following things:
AND IT CAME TO PASS, WHEN I SAW, THAT I WAS AT SHUSHAN IN THE PALACE,
WHICH IS IN THE PROVINCE OF ELAM; not in reality, but so it seemed to
him in the vision; as Ezekiel, when in Babylon, seemed in the visions
of God to be at Jerusalem, Ezekiel 8:3.... [ Continue Reading ]
THEN I LIFTED UP MINE EYES,.... To see what was to be seen in this
place, where he in the vision was brought; he lifted up the eyes of
his understanding, being enlightened by the vision of prophecy, and
the eyes of his body, to which objects of corporeal things formed in
the fancy were represented:... [ Continue Reading ]
I SAW THE RAM PUSHING WESTWARD, AND NORTHWARD, AND SOUTHWARD,.... That
is, with his horns, as rams do; these kingdoms using all their power
and strength, wealth and riches, in fighting with and subduing
nations, and pushing on their conquests in all parts here mentioned;
to the west, Babylon, Syria,... [ Continue Reading ]
AND AS I WAS CONSIDERING,.... The ram, and the strange things done by
him; wondering that a creature of so little strength, comparatively
with other beasts, should be able to do such exploits: and thinking
with himself what should be the meaning of all this, and what would be
the issue of it,
BEHOL... [ Continue Reading ]
AND HE CAME TO THE RAM THAT HAD TWO HORNS,.... Alexander being chosen
and made by the states of Greece captain general of all Greece against
the Persians, marched from thence with his army, passed the
Hellespont, and entered into the kingdom of the Medes and Persians,
signified by the ram with two h... [ Continue Reading ]
AND I SAW HIM COME CLOSE UNTO THE RAM,.... Though the distance between
Greece and Persia was very great, and many rivers and mountains in the
way, which seemed impassable; Alexander got over them all, and came up
to Darius, and fought several battles with him, and entirely defeated
him, though great... [ Continue Reading ]
THEREFORE THE HE GOAT WAXED VERY GREAT,.... The Grecian monarchy,
under Alexander, became very powerful, and was very extensive; he not
only conquered the Persian empire, but also the Indies, yea, the whole
world, as he imagined; and indeed he did bring into subjection to him
the greatest part of th... [ Continue Reading ]
AND OUT OF ONE OF THEM CAME FORTH A LITTLE HORN,.... Meaning not the
kingdom of Titus Vespasian, as Jarchi; nor the kingdom of the Turks,
as Saadiah; but the kingdom of Antiochia, as Aben Ezra and Jacchiades;
or rather Antiochus Epiphanes, who sprung from the kingdom of the
Seleucidae in Syria, or f... [ Continue Reading ]
AND IT WAXED GREAT, EVEN TO THE HOST OF HEAVEN,.... The people of the
Jews, the army of the living God, the church militant, among whom were
many of the citizens of heaven, whose names are written there; such
was the insolence of this king, as to molest and disturb them:
AND IT CAST DOWN SOME OF TH... [ Continue Reading ]
YEA, HE MAGNIFIED HIMSELF EVEN TO THE PRINCE HOST,.... Either the high
priest Onias, whom he disposed of his office, and put Jason a wicked
man into it; or Judas Maccabeus, the prince of the Jewish nation; or
rather, as Jacchiades, God himself, the Lord God of Israel, the King,
Prince, Governor, and... [ Continue Reading ]
AND AN HOST WAS GIVEN HIM AGAINST THE DAILY SACRIFICE BY REASON OF
TRANSGRESSION,.... Which some interpret of a garrison of soldiers
placed by Antiochus, through his sin and wickedness, to hinder the
oblation of the daily sacrifice, as Grotius: others, of a host of
apostates among the Jews, who advi... [ Continue Reading ]
THEN I HEARD ONE SAINT SPEAKING,.... An angel, either a created angel,
pure and holy in his nature, as Gabriel; or the uncreated Angel Jesus
Christ, the Word of God; what he was speaking of is not said; perhaps
Daniel did not hear what he said, though he heard him speaking, or
perceived that he spak... [ Continue Reading ]
AND HE SAID UNTO ME,.... That is, "Palmoni", the wonderful person, to
whom the angel put the above question, gave the answer to it; not unto
the angel that asked it, but unto Daniel that stood by; knowing that
it was for his and his people's sake the question was asked, and
therefore gave the answer... [ Continue Reading ]
AND IT CAME TO PASS, WHEN I, EVEN I DANIEL, HAD SEEN THE VISION,....
The whole of the preceding vision, concerning the ram, he goat, and
little horn, and what were done by them; the prophet not only affirms
he saw this vision, but repeats the affirmation, expressing his own
name, partly for the sake... [ Continue Reading ]
AND I HEARD A MAN'S VOICE BETWEEN THE BANKS OF ULAI,.... Near to which
Daniel was, Daniel 8:2 and it seemed to him as if the appearance of
the man was in the midst of the river, between the banks of it, from
whence the voice came; or between the arms of it, it bending and
winding about; or rather be... [ Continue Reading ]
SO HE CAME NEAR WHERE I STOOD,.... The angel immediately obeyed the
divine Person in human form, and came near the prophet, in order to
instruct him, and carry on a familiar conversation with him:
AND WHEN HE CAME, I WAS AFRAID, AND FELL UPON MY FACE; not being able
to bear the glory that attended... [ Continue Reading ]
NOW AS HE WAS SPEAKING WITH ME,.... Addressing him in the above
manner:
I WAS IN A DEEP SLEEP ON MY FACE TOWARD THE GROUND; through fear he
fell prostrate to the ground, and swooned away, which issued in a deep
sleep; and so was unfit to attend to the explanation of the vision the
angel was sent to... [ Continue Reading ]
AND HE SAID, BEHOLD, I WILL MAKE THEE KNOW,.... Or, "make known unto
thee" n; what he knew not, even things future: particularly
WHAT SHALL BE IN THE LAST END OF THE INDIGNATION; the indignation of
God against the people of Israel, in the sore affliction and
persecution of them by Antiochus, which... [ Continue Reading ]
THE RAM WHICH THOU SAWEST HAVING TWO HORNS,.... Here begins the
particular explanation of the above vision, and of the first thing
which the prophet saw in it, a ram with two horns: which two horns, he
says,
ARE THE KINGS OF MEDIA AND PERSIA; Darius the first king was a Mede,
and Cyrus, that succee... [ Continue Reading ]
AND THE ROUGH GOAT IS THE KING OF GRECIA,.... Including all the kings
of it, from Alexander to the end of the Grecian monarchy; or rather
the kingdom of Greece, which began in him, and continued until it was
destroyed by the Romans: this was signified by the rough or hairy
goat, especially when Alex... [ Continue Reading ]
NOW THAT BEING BROKEN,.... That is, the great horn Alexander, the
first king of the Grecian monarchy; whose death, either by
drunkenness, or by poison, is here expressed by being "broken". The
sense is, he being dead, or upon his death,
WHEREAS FOUR STOOD UP FOR IT; four horns rose up in the room a... [ Continue Reading ]
AND IN THE LATTER TIME OF THEIR KINGDOM,.... Toward the close of the
kingdom of the four kings that divided Alexander's kingdom; for though
they were four distinct kings, and had four separate kingdoms, yet
these all belonged to one kingdom or monarchy, the Grecian empire; and
when that was decreasi... [ Continue Reading ]
AND HIS POWER SHALL BE MIGHTY, BUT NOT BY HIS OWN POWER,.... He should
possess a large kingdom, and that should be increased by conquests:
BUT NOT IN HIS POWER s, the power of Alexander; he should not arrive
to that greatness he did, as in Daniel 8:22 so Jacchiades: or, "in his
own power" t; for it... [ Continue Reading ]
AND THROUGH HIS POLICY ALSO HE SHALL CAUSE CRAFT TO PROSPER IN HIS
HAND,.... His schemes were laid in such deep policy, and he managed so
artfully and craftily in the execution of them, that he commonly
succeeded; as in getting the kingdom of Syria from his nephew; and,
under a pretence of peace and... [ Continue Reading ]
AND THE VISION OF THE EVENING AND THE MORNING WHICH WAS TOLD IS
TRUE,.... That is, of the 2300 evenings and mornings, or natural days;
unto which time the daily sacrifice was to cease, and the sanctuary
and host trodden under foot; and then the sanctuary would be cleansed.
This account is "true", an... [ Continue Reading ]
AND I DANIEL FAINTED AND WAS SICK CERTAIN DAYS,.... Or, "then I Daniel
fainted" x; after he had seen the vision, and had thought upon it, and
considered the afflictions that were to come upon the people of God,
and the condition the temple, and the worship of it, would be in;
these so affected his m... [ Continue Reading ]