Mesopotamia Originally the name ‘Mesopotamia’ was given to the fertile land around the upper reaches of the Euphrates and Tigris Rivers (Genesis 24:10; Deuteronomy 23:4; Judges 1:3-10; 1 Chronicles 19:6). by New Testament times it applied to the whole of the Euphrates-Tigris valley, so that even the city of Ur, which was near the mouth of the Euphrates, was considered to be in Mesopotamia (Acts 2:9; Acts 7:2). (For details See Aram; Assyria; Babylon; Euphrates; Syria; Tigris.)