1 Chronicles 1:6

Ashchenaz R.V. Ashkenaz, as in Genesis 10:3. In Jeremiah 51:27 "the kingdoms of Ararat, Minni and Ashkenaz" are to be summoned against Babylon. Ararat being Armenia, and Minni (Mannai of the Assyrian monuments) being a neighbour of Armenia, Ashkenaz also is probably a neighbour of Armenia and to be sought on the N. or E. of Cappadocia, the seat of its "father" Gomer.

Riphath so LXX. and Vulg. R.V. Diphath, following the Heb. text which however has a note added that another reading is "Riphath." The letters Dand Rare easily confused in Hebrew. Nothing certain is known of either Riphath or Diphath.

Togarmah In Ezekiel 27:14 Togarmah is mentioned (after "Javan, Tubal, and Meshech," Ezekiel 27:13) as trading with Tyre in horses, war-horses and mules, and in Ezekiel 38:6 mention is made of "the house of Togarmah in the uttermost parts of the north, and all his hordes" in connexion with "Gomer and all his hordes." The geographical position of Togarmah is unknown, but it must have been a neighbour of Gomer, Tubal and Meshech.