Genesis 10:3

_AND THE SONS OF GOMER; ASHKENAZ, AND RIPHATH, AND TOGARMAH._ Ashkenaz - or Ashchenaz. The only other passage of Scripture in which the name occurs is in Jeremiah 51:27, where it is associated with two other localities, that seem to point out as the original settlement of this tribe a province of Armenia, or a region at least in the vicinity of the Caucasus, or toward the Black Sea. Knobel considers the name a compound word 'ash kªnaz, the race of As - i:e., Asia. The modern Jews apply it to Germany. RIPHATH. Several editions of the Hebrew Bible have (1 Chronicles 1:6) Diphath. But the Septuagint, as well as the ancient MSS., have it as it stands here. There are no Scripture data to determine the locality referred to. Knobel and Hasse identify it with the Riphoean

1-7 This chapter shows concerning the three sons of Noah, that of them was the whole earth overspread. No nation but that of the Jews can be sure from which of these seventy it has come. The lists of names of fathers and sons were preserved of the Jews alone, for the sake of the Messiah. Many learned men, however, have, with some probability, shown which of the nations of the earth descended from each of the sons of Noah To the posterity of Japheth were allotted the isles of the gentiles; probably, the island of Britain among the rest. All places beyond the sea from Judea are called isles, Jeremiah 25:22. That promise, Isaiah 42:4, The isles shall wait for his law, speaks of the conversion of the gentiles to the faith of Christ....

Verse Genesis 10:3. _ASHKENAZ_] Probably gave his name to _Sacagena_, a very excellent province of Armenia. Pliny mentions a people called _Ascanitici_, who dwelt about the _Tanais_ and the _Palus Maeotis_; and some suppose that from Ashkenaz the _Euxine Sea_ derived its name, but others suppose that from him the Germans derived their origin. _RIPHATH_] Or _Diphath_, the founder of the _Paphlagonians_, which were anciently called _Riphataei_. _TOGARMAH._] The _Sauromates_, or inhabitants of Turcomania. See the reasons in _Calmet_....

- Section VIII - The Nations - Japheth 2. גמר _gomer_, “Gomer, completion; related: complete;” Κιμμέριοι _Kimmerioi_. מגוג _māgôg_, “Magog, Caucasian, Skyth.” מדי _māday_, “Madai, middle: Mede.” יון _yāvān_, “Javan”; Ἰάων _Iaōn_; “Sanskrit, Javana; Old Persian, Juna.” תבל _tubāl_, “Tubal”; Τιβαρηνοὶ _Tibareenoi_. משׁך _meshek_, “Meshek, drawing possession, valor”; Μόσχοι

PART II. THE POST-DILUVIAN AGE OF THE WORLD. CH. 10:1-11:26. FROM THE DELUGE TO THE CALL OF ABRAM. § 5. THE GENERATIONS or THE SONS OF NOAH (CH. 10:1-11:9). I. THE _historical credibility _of the present section has been challenged. 1. On account of a fancied resemblance to the ethnographic mythologies of Greece, the genealogical table of the nations has been relegated to the category of fictitious invention. It has been assigned by many critics to a post-Mosaic decried, to the days of Joshua (Delitzsch), to the age of Hebrew intercourse with the Phenician Canaanites (Knobel), to the era of the exile ...

AND THE SONS OF GOMER,.... Who was the first of the sons of Japheth, three of whose sons are mentioned, and they are as follow: ASHKENAZ, AND RIPHATH, AND TOGARMAH; the first of these seated himself in the lesser Asia, in Pontus and Bithynia, where were some traces of his name in the river Ascanius, and in the Ascanian lake or bay; and also in the lesser Phrygia or Troas, where was a city called Ascania, and where were the Ascanian isles x, and the Euxine Pontus, or Axeine y, as it was first called, which is the sea that separates Asia and Europe, and is no other than a corruption of the sea of Ashkenaz. It seems to have been near Armenia, by its being mentioned along with Minni or Armenia, in Jeremiah 51:27. Germany is by the Jews commonly called Ashkenaz; perhaps some of the posterity of Ashkenaz in Asia might pass into Europe, and Germany might be a colony of them;

V. THE GENERATIONS OF THE SONS OF NOAH CHAPTER 10 Shem, Ham, and Japheth and Their Seed _ 1. The sons of Japheth (Genesis 10:2)_ 2. The sons of Ham (Genesis 10:6) 3. The sons of Shem (Genesis 10:21) Here we have the beginning of the nations. God knows them and keeps track of the nations of the earth. The order of the sons of Noah is here changed. Japheth comes first. Ham's place is unchanged. Shem comes last. This order is given in view of Noah's prophecy. Among the descendants of Ham we find Nimrod, a mighty hunter. His name means “Let us rebel.” Here also we find Babel mentioned for the first time. Babylon has for its founder “a mighty one in the earth-a mighty hunter.” Mentioned

GENESIS 10. THE TABLE OF NATIONS. From P and J. To P we may assign Genesis 10:1; Genesis 10:20; Genesis 10:31 f. The rest belongs to J, for the most part to its secondary stratum, with some elements from R. The genealogy, as was customary among the Semites, expresses national rather than individual relationships. The true character of the lists may be seen quite clearly from many of the names, which are names of countries (_e.g._ Cush, Mizraim, Ophir), or cities (_e.g._ Tarshish, Zidon), or peoples (_e.g._ Ludim). It is an attempt to explain the origin of the various nations, before the author proceeds to the special ancestry of Israel. It is of great importance for the Hebrew view of other peoples, alike

_Ashkenaz_ Mentioned in Jeremiah 51:27 along with Ararat; and now generally identified with the region of Armenia. It is worth noticing that the mediaeval Jews explained this name as denoting Germany. Thus the Ashkenazim are the German Jews. _Riphath_ In 1 Chronicles 1:6 the name appears as "Diphath." The letters, R (ר) and D (ד), are very similar in Hebrew. Cf. "Dodanim" for "Rodanim," Genesis 10:4. Josephus identified "Riphath" with the Paphlagonians. The name is now unknown. _Togarmah_ Mentioned also in Ezekiel 27:14, with Javan, Tubal and Meshech; and in...

SONS OF GOMER— Who were three: Ashkenaz, inhabited Bythinia and Troas; Ripkath, Paphlagonia and the Riphaean mountains; Togarmah, Cappadocia....