2 Kings 19:21

The virgin the[R.V. omits the daughter of Zion hath despised thee The first part of the prophetic word is addressed to Sennacherib. Jerusalem is called -daughter of Sion" because her inhabitants may be counted poetically as the offspring of Sion. She is also called -virgin" because hitherto, since David's time, when the chosen people first obtained complete possession of the place, it had never been conquered. And by opening the prophecy with this word it seems to be foretold that it shall still he saved from conquest. Some have preferred to take the three words as all in apposition, rendering -The virgin-daughter Sion", with much the same sense. In the original the first two words are both in the construct form, but instances are found of such forms standing as if only in apposition.

The daughter of Jerusalem i.e. The people dwelling in the city.

hath shaken her head at thee This was a gesture of scorn. Cf. Job 16:4, -I could heap up words against you and shake mine headat you". See also Psalms 22:7; Psalms 44:15; Psalms 109:25 and other parallel passages.