struck Jesus with the palm of his hand Literally, gave a blow, and the word for -blow" (elsewhere John 19:3; Mark 14:65 only) etymologically means a -blow with a rod," but is also used for a -blow with the open hand." The word used for -smite" in John 18:23 is slightly in favour of the former: but Matthew 5:39 and Acts 23:2 are in favour of the latter.

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