Leviticus 19:17,18

Against hatred and vengeance; instead of cherishing hatred, rebuke thy neighbour (i.e. point out his fault), and persist in so doing (thou shalt surely), e.g. as in the case mentioned in Matthew 18:15 f.; in so doing thou wilt not -bear sin because of him." The command to love thy neighbour as thyself is quoted in the N.T., Matthew 19:19; as the second great commandment, Matthew 22:39; Mark 12:31; also Luke 10:27; Romans 13:9; Galatians 5:14; the royal law, James 2:8. These commands here, however, are confined in thought to fellow-Israelites. Even Leviticus 19:34 extends only to the -stranger" who worshipped Israel's God. The universal application of the word -neighbour" came first in our Lord's teaching.

In Leviticus 19:9 the laws are arranged in groups of two or three verses, each terminated by the phrase, -I am the Lord (your God)." Each group contains either a complete pentad, or what seems to be the remains of a probable pentad. The laws, except in Leviticus 19:11, are on the whole in the 2nd pers. sing. Some of them are repeated elsewhere in this collection, e.g. part of Leviticus 19:5 in Leviticus 22:29 f., Leviticus 19:9 in Leviticus 23:22; Leviticus 19:4 in Leviticus 26:1; Leviticus 19:3 in Leviticus 19:30 and Leviticus 26:2. The precepts in Leviticus 19:3 are analogous to those in the first part of the Decalogue, and those in Leviticus 19:11 to those in the second part, though Leviticus 19:12 is parallel to the third commandment. Several commentators are of opinion that the order of thought of the Decalogue can be traced here, but see p. 107.