From Paul. When we know the attempt to discredit Paul that had taken place in Galatia, these opening words seem stark! Whose call to be an apostle. Paul emphasizes, that like the Twelve, his appointment as an apostle came directly from the Lord! [If Paul makes thirteen apostles, remember there were thirteen Tribes, since Levi was not counted.] The false teachers must have said that Paul's appointment came through the church at Antioch (from man) and that he received the Holy Spirit through Ananias (by means of a man). Who raised him from death. "After his resurrection God sent Jesus Christ from heaven to make me an apostle!"

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Old Testament