JOHN—NOTE ON John 19:30 It is finished proclaims that Jesus had completed all the work the Father sent him to accomplish (see John 4:34; John 9:4), particularly his work of bearing the penalty for sins (see Hebrews 9:11, Hebrews 9:25). The term gave up emphasizes the voluntary nature of Jesus’ self-sacrifice (see note on John 10:17) and echoes Isaiah 53:12. his spirit. Jesus’ human spirit, which he voluntarily released from his body that it might return to God the Father’s presence (see Luke 23:43, Luke 23:46). It returned to his body at his resurrection (John 20:1).

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