Λουκᾶς ὁ ἰατρὸς ὁ ἀγαπητὸς : “Luke the physician, the beloved,” no doubt to be identified with the evangelist Luke. His writings have been shown to exhibit a considerable use of medical terms. The name was originally Lucanus. He was clearly not one “of the circumcision” (Colossians 4:11), and this, as often pointed out, seems to exclude the possibility that he wrote the Epistle to the Hebrews. Δημᾶς : mentioned last and without commendation. This is commonly explained as due to a foreboding of Paul that he would turn out badly, suggested by the reference to him in 2 Timothy 4:10 as having left him. But in Philemon 1:24 he is placed before Luke and numbered among Paul's fellow-workers. Possibly he wrote the Epistle, and is thus mentioned last and without praise.

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Old Testament