II. The substance of the letter follows: introduced by congratulation, it contains an earnest exhortation to practical love and warning against false teachers.

2 John 1:4. I rejoiced greatly that I have found of thy children walking in truth. As St. Paul always prefaced his warnings by praising what he could praise, so St. John expresses his deep joy at having found his now present joy at having found during his past acquaintance with them certain of her children walking in the full truth of the Christian religion.

Even as we received commandment from the Father. ‘And this is His commandment, that we should believe in the name of His Son Jesus Christ, and love one another, even as He gave us commandment' (1 John 3:23). This great preliminary commandment omits the name of the Son because the reception of Him is its substance; and the particular commandments are presently to be mentioned.

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Old Testament