Shaken [σ α λ ε υ θ η ν α ι]. From salov the tossing or swell of the sea. See Luke 21:25. Comp. Matthew 11:7; Matthew 24:29; Acts 4:31; Hebrews 12:26. In mind [α π ο τ ο υ ν ο ο ς]. More correctly, from your mind. Nouv signifies the judgment, sober sense. Comp. 1 Corinthians 14:15, and see on Romans 7:23. They are to "keep their heads" under the temptation to fanatical extravagances concerning the Lord's appearing.

Be troubled [θ ρ ε ι σ θ α ι]. From qroov clamor, tumult. The meaning is be unsettled or thrown into confusion.

By spirit [δ ι α π ν ε υ μ α τ ο ς]. By prophetic utterances of individuals in Christian assemblies, claiming the authority of divine revelations.

By word [δ ι α λ ο γ ο υ]. Oral expressions falsely imputed to Paul.

By letter as from us [δ ι ε π ι σ τ ο λ η ς ω ς δ ι η μ ω ν]. Const. as from us with word and letter. The reference is to a letter or letters forged in Paul's name; not to the first Thessalonian Epistle, as misunderstood by the readers.

As that [ω ς ο τ ι]. Indicating the contents of such communications.

Is at hand [ε ν ε σ τ η κ ε ν]. Better than Rev. is now present. Lightfoot, happily, is imminent.

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Old Testament