I certify [γ ν ω ρ ι ζ ω]. Or, I make known. Certify, even in older English, is to assure or attest, which is too strong for gnwrizein to make known or declare. This, which in the New Testament is the universal meaning of gnwrizein, and the prevailing sense in LXX, is extremely rare in Class., where the usual sense is to become acquainted with. For the formula see on 1 Thessalonians 4:13.

After man [κ α τ α α ν θ ρ ω π ο ν]. According to any human standard. The phrase only in Paul. See Romans 3:5; 1 Corinthians 3:3; 1 Corinthians 9:8; 1 Corinthians 14:32. Kata ajnqrwpouv according to men, 1 Peter 4:6.

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Old Testament