He is encouraged in this confidence by the fact that they are still as formerly engaged in Christian ministries.

Your work and labor of love [τ ο υ ε ρ γ ο υ υ μ ω ν κ α ι τ η ς α γ α π η ς]. Omit labor. The A. V. follows T. R. tou kopou. Rend. your work and the love which ye shewed, etc.

Which ye have shewed toward his name [η ς ε ν ε δ ε ι ξ α σ θ ε ε ι ς τ ο ο ν ο μ α α υ τ ο υ]. The verb means, strictly, to show something in one's self; or to show one's self in something. similar praise is bestowed in ch. 10 32. They have shown both love and work toward God's name. That does not look like crucifying Christ. God is not unjust, as he would show himself to be if he were forgetful of this.

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Old Testament