Having... darkened. Having been darkened. Greek. skotizo. See Rom 1:21. 2 Corinthians 4:4.

the understanding. in the understanding. See Ephesians 1:18.

being. having been.

alienated. Greek. apallotrioomai. See Ephesians 2:12.

the life of God. Only occurrence.

life. Greek. zoe. Only here in Eph. App-170.

through. App-104.Ephesians 4:2.

ignorance. See Acts 3:17.

because of. App-104.Ephesians 4:2.

blindness. hardness. Greek. poro. i s. Compare Romans 11:25.

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