The lapwing— The word rendered lapwing, says Parkhurst, דוכיפת dukipat, is the upupa or houp, a most unclean and filthy bird. So the LXX εποψ, and the Vulgate upupa. See Bochart, vol. 3: p. 343-9.

Note: God's people must not be rapacious, nor allow themselves in any deeds of impurity or darkness: such are still forbidden things.

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