Ephesians 1:21

The Apostle partly adopts and partly rejects Jewish phraseology about unseen powers. 'Call them what you please, Christ is above them all.'

22. An echo of Psalms 8:5. If that could be said of man, how much more of Christ! 23. Cp. the Vine and the branches (John 15:5); Christ is the source of the life and completeness of the Church. But St. Paul seems to mean that Christ is, in a sense, incomplete without the Church. The very idea of Head implies a body. It is doubtful whether the Gk. can mean 'that filleth all in all.' Rather, 'who all in all is being fulfilled, made complete': cp. Colossians 1:24.