This people] i.e. the Ten Tribes (ref erred to as 'this people' again in Isaiah 9:16), who refused the mild rule of the House of David, and, having set up their own king, have allied themselves with Rezin. The waters of Shiloah] The gently-flowing stream that issued from Zion near the sanctuary (Psalms 46:4) symbolises the divinely-appointed government of the House of David, and is contrasted in the next v. with the wide flood of Euphrates, symbolising the devastating power of Assyria, which within a short period overthrew the kingdoms of Israel and Syria (2 Kings 16:9; 2 Kings 18:9), as Isaiah repeatedly foretold: cp. Isaiah 7:8; Isaiah 7:16.

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