Is not this the carpenter?] Mt 'Is not this the carpenter's son?' Baur, Bleek, Renan, and Hilgenfeld regard St. Mark's version of this expression as a proof that he was acquainted with the Virgin Birth. 'Mark tolerates not the paternity of Joseph even in the mouth of Nazarenes' (Hilgenfeld). Most scholars dispute the inference.

It is not quite certain whether Jesus was a carpenter or a smith. The Greek word may mean either. According to an ancient tradition He made ploughs and yokes.
Celsus (160 a.d.) derides the mean and servile occupation of Jesus, but manual work was honoured among the Jews. 'It is incumbent,' said the rabbis, 'on the father to circumcise his son, to redeem him, to teach him the Law, and to teach him some occupation.' Rabbi Judah said, 'Whosoever teacheth not his son to do some work, is as if he taught robbery.' Rabbi Meir said, 'Let a man always endeavour to teach his son an honest trade.'

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