III. 1 Chronicles 3. resumes the genealogy of the Hezronite house of Ram, suspended at 1 Chronicles 2:17. (1) The nine sons of David (1 Chronicles 3:1). (2) The Davidic dynasty from Solomon to Zedekiah (1 Chronicles 3:10). (3) The line of Jechoniah-Jehoiachin, continued apparently to the ninth gene... [ Continue Reading ]
AMNON. — For his story see 2 Samuel 13 OF AHINOAM. — Literally, _to Ahin._ (1 Samuel 25:43). THE SECOND DANIEL OF ABIGAIL THE CARMELITESS. — Better, _A second, Daniel, to Abigail, &c._ Sam. adds, “wife of Nabal the Carmelite.” (See 1 Samuel 25 for her story.)... [ Continue Reading ]
I. — THE SONS OF DAVID. — This section is parallel to 2 Samuel 3:2 (comp. 1 Chronicles 3:1) and 2 Samuel 5:14 (1 Chronicles 3:5), with which comp. 1 Chronicles 14:3. (1-4) The six sons born in Hebron. The sons and mothers agree with those of the parallel passage in Sam., with the one exception of th... [ Continue Reading ]
ABSALOM. — David’s favourite and rebellious son (2 Samuel 15-19). The common Heb. text has “to Absalom;” but a number of MSS. and all the old versions read Absalom. Rabbi D. Kimchi gives the characteristic explanation that L-ABSHALOM alludes to LO-ABSHALOM, “not Absalom” — that is, not a “father of... [ Continue Reading ]
EGLAH (_heifer_) HIS WIFE. — Eglah is not marked out as principal wife of David. The expression “his wife” is added simply to balance the clause, to make up for the absence of details respecting her connexions, such as are given in the case of some of the other wives. Jewish expositors have groundle... [ Continue Reading ]
THESE SIX WERE BORN UNTO HIM IN HEBRON. — Literally, _Six were born._ 2 Samuel 3:5 : “These were born.” AND THERE HE REIGNED SEVEN YEARS. — This notice of the time David reigned first in Hebron, the Judean capital, and then in Jerusalem over all Israel, is not read in the parallel section of Samuel... [ Continue Reading ]
(5-8) The thirteen sons born in Jerusalem. See 2 Samuel 5:14, and 1 Chronicles 14:4, where this list is repeated with some variations (1 Chronicles 3:5). The four sons of Bath-sheba, called here Bath-shua, a weakened form, if not a copyist’s error. By a similar change the Elishama of 1 Chronicles 3:... [ Continue Reading ]
IBHAR. — “He” (_i.e.,_ God) “chooseth.” ELISHAMA. — Spelt Elishua in both of the parallel passsages. (See Note on 1 Chronicles 3:5.) The recurrence of Elishama (“God heareth”) in 1 Chronicles 3:8 is no argument against the name here. ELIPHELET (“God is deliverance”) also occurs twice, and David may... [ Continue Reading ]
ELIADA. — (“God knoweth”) The Beeliada (“Lord knoweth”) of 1 Chronicles 14:7 is probably more ancient, though Samuel also has Eliada. God was of old called Baal as well as El; and the former title was only discarded because it tended to foster a confusion between the degrading cultus of the Canaanit... [ Continue Reading ]
SONS OF THE CONCUBINES. — David’s concubines (_pilagshim,_ πλλακαί) are mentioned several times in Samuel (_e.g.,_ 2 Samuel 12:11), but their sons here only. However repugnant to modern ideas, it was and is part of the state of an Oriental potentate to possess a harem of many wives. AND TAMAR (was)... [ Continue Reading ]
II. — The kings of the house of David, as otherwise known from the books of Kings (1 Chronicles 3:10). (10) REHOBOAM. — So LXX. Ροβοαμ. Heb., _Rĕhab-‘âm_ (“the Kinsman,” _i.e.,_ God hath enlarged). ABIA. — LXX., Αβια; Heb., _Abîyâh_ (_Iah is father_)_,_ of which Abijam (_Abîyâm_) is a _mimmated_ f... [ Continue Reading ]
JORAM — Jehorain. _Iahweh is high._ AHAZIAH. — _Iah holdeth_ (Luke 1:54, ἀντελάβετ_,_ “he hath holpen”). JOASH. — (?) _Iahweh is a hero._ Cf. _Ashbel_ = “man of Bel,” and Exodus 15:3.... [ Continue Reading ]
AMAZIAH. — _Iah is strong._ AZARIAH. — _Iah helpeth._ JOTHAM. — _Iahweh is perfect. _... [ Continue Reading ]
AHAZ. — Abbreviation of Jehoahaz, which = Ahaziah. HEZEKIAH. — Heb., _Hizkiyâhû,_ “my strength is Iahu.” MANASSEH (?) Perhaps of Egyptian origin.... [ Continue Reading ]
AMON. — Probably the Egyptian sun-god Amen or Amun. JOSIAH. — _Iah comforteth._ In this line of fifteen successive monarchs, the usurper Athaliah is omitted between Ahaziah and Joash (1 Chronicles 3:11).... [ Continue Reading ]
AND THE SONS OF JOSIAH. — The regular succession by primogeniture ceases with Josiah. THE FIRSTBORN JOHANAN (_Iahweh bestowed_) never ascended the throne of his fathers. He may have died early. He is not to be identified with Jehoahaz, who was two years younger than Jehoiakim (2 Kings 23:31; 2 King... [ Continue Reading ]
JECONIAH (_Iah establish!_)= Jehoiachin (_Iahweh establisheth_)_ =_ Coniah (Jeremiah 22:24; Jeremiah 22:28 — an abbreviation of Jeconiah), was carried captive to Babylon by Nebuchadnezzar (2 Kings 24:15), and Zedekiah his father’s brother, became king in his stead. Hence the supposition that “Zedeki... [ Continue Reading ]
III. — The posterity of Jeconiah after the exile (1 Chronicles 3:17). This section is peculiar to the chronicle. (17) ASSIR. — This word means prisoner, captive; literally, _bondman._ It so occurs in Isaiah 10:2; Isaiah 24:22. Accordingly the verse may be rendered, “And the sons of Jeconiah when cap... [ Continue Reading ]
MALCHIRAM ALSO, AND PEDAIAH. — According to our present Hebrew text these six persons, arranged as two trios, are sons of Jeconiah, and brothers of Shealtiel. SHENAZAR — Heb., _Shen’azzar;_ LXX., Σανεσάρ — is a compound Babylonian name, like Belteshazzar (Daniel 1:7), of which the last part means “... [ Continue Reading ]
AND THE SONS OF PEDAIAH WERE, ZERUBBABEL, AND SHIMEI. — Zerubbabel, the famous prince who, with Joshua the high priest, led the first colony of restored exiles from Babylon to Canaan, under the edict of Cyrus (B.C. cir. 536). Zerubbabel (LXX., Σοροβάβελ), means _born at Babel._ His father is appropr... [ Continue Reading ]
These five sons form a second group of Zerubbabel’s children, probably by another wife. The _v_ of union seems to have fallen out before the last name, Jushab-hesed. The names of the last kings (Shallum, _recompense;_ Zedekiah, _Iah is righteousness_) were parables of the judgment that should come t... [ Continue Reading ]
AND THE SONS OF HANANIAH; PELATIAH, AND JESAIAH. — Heb., _son;_ but some MSS. and all the versions read _sons._ Pelatiah means _Iah is deliverance._ Jesaiah is the same name as Isaiah, meaning _Iah is salvation._ THE SONS OF REPHAIAH. — The ancient versions represent here an important various readi... [ Continue Reading ]
THE SONS OF SHECHANIAH; SHEMAIAH. — See Note on 1 Chronicles 1:41. HATTUSH. — Probably the Hattush “of the sons of David, of the sons of Shechaniah,” mentioned by Ezra as one of those who went up with him from Babylon in the second return, 457 B.C. (Ezra 8:2). If we have rightly understood 1 Chroni... [ Continue Reading ]
ELIOENAI — _unto Iah_ (_are_)_ mine eyes,_ Psalms 123:1 — is an expansion of the same idea. (Comp. also Psalms 25:15.) An Elioenai went up with Ezra (Ezra 8:4).... [ Continue Reading ]
THE SONS OF ELIOENAI... HODAIAH. — These sons of Elioenai are the sixth generation from Zerubbabel (536-515 B.C.), that is to say, they were living about 345 B.C., under Artaxerxes Ochus. If the reading of the LXX. in 1 Chronicles 3:21 be correct, their date is four generations later, or about 225 B... [ Continue Reading ]