Paul, an apostle of Jesus Christ by the will of God, according to the promise of life which is in Christ Jesus,

This letter is the last testament and swan-like death-song of Paul (Bengel).

According to the promise of life which is in Christ. Paul's apostleship is in order to carry into effect this promise (cf. Titus 1:1). This "promise of life ... in Christ" (cf. ; ) was needed to nerve Timothy to boldness in undertaking the journey to Rome, which would be attended with much risk ().

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