Wesley's Explanatory Notes
Romans 9:18
So then — That is, accordingly he does show mercy on his own terms, namely, on them that believe. And whom he willeth — Namely, them that believe not. He hardeneth — Leaves to the hardness of their hearts.
So then — That is, accordingly he does show mercy on his own terms, namely, on them that believe. And whom he willeth — Namely, them that believe not. He hardeneth — Leaves to the hardness of their hearts.
Verse 18. _THEREFORE HATH HE MERCY ON WHOM HE WILL_] This is the apostle's conclusion from the facts already laid down: that God, according to his own will and wisdom, in perfect righteousness, besto...
THEREFORE HATH HE MERCY ... - This is a conclusion stated by the apostle as the result of all the argument. WHOM HE WILL HE HARDENETH - This is not stated in what the Scripture said to Pharaoh, but is...
II. DISPENSATIONAL. GOD'S DEALINGS WITH ISRAEL. Chapter s 9-11. 1. Israel and God's Sovereignty. CHAPTER 9 _ 1. Paul's Yearning over Israel. (Romans 9:1 .)_ 2. What Israel Possesseth. (Romans 9:...
GOD'S FREE ELECTION. Romans 9:6. We must distinguish: to be of Israel, is not to be Israel. Mere physical heredity counts for nothing: Isaac was the proper seed of Abraham, designated as the child of...
What shall we then say? Are you going to say that there is injustice with God? God forbid! For, he says to Moses: "I will have mercy on whomsoever I will have mercy and I will have pity on whomsoever...
THE PROBLEM OF THE JEWS (Romans 9:1-6) In Romans 9:1-33; Romans 10:1-21; Romans 11:1-36 Paul tries to deal with one of the m
HARDENETH. See Acts 19:9. Compare Exodus 4:21....
_whom he will_ The emphasis is of course on these words, in each clause: to us, the _only_account of the differences of His action is His Will. The following verses prove beyond fair question that St...
14–33. This choice of GOD is not unjust, because it flows from His Mercy, not from man’s disposition or efforts. (17) Pharaoh himself was raised up to give an instance of GOD’S power and to make wide...
E. Romans 9:1 to Romans 11:36. THE REJECTION OF THE GOSPEL BY ISRAEL The theme of Romans 1:16-17 has been worked out; it has been shown that the Gospel is a power of GOD unto salvation for them that b...
ΣΚΛΗΡΎΝΕΙ _praes. ind. act. от_ ΣΚΛΗΡΎΝΩ (G4645) осложнять....
THEREFORE HATH HE MERCY, &C.— "Therefore, that his name and power may be made known, and taken notice of in all the earth, he is kind and bountiful to one nation, and suffers another to go on obstinat...
_TEXT_ Romans 9:14-18. What shall we say then? Is there unrighteousness with God? God forbid. Romans 9:15 For he saith to Moses, I will have mercy on whom I have mercy, and I will have compassion on w...
Therefore hath he mercy on whom he will have mercy, and whom he will he hardeneth. THEREFORE HATH HE (or, 'So then He hath') - the result is that He hath MERCY ON WHOM HE WILL [HAVE MERCY] - rat...
__ God's Sovereignty-Individual 37 God's love never lets us go. The trials and tribulations we endure are not tokens of His displeasure. They are all tempered by His loving heart. A sense of His lov...
HARDENETH] cp. Exodus 4:21. God is said to harden, because He has made man so that, by the constitution of his nature, hardening follows persistent disobedience. 19-29. It is now objected that if God'...
THE REJECTION OF ISRAEL NO DISPARAGEMENT OR DISPROOF OF THE GOSPEL The Apostle sorrows over the exclusion of Israel (Romans 9:1), but their exclusion does not involve any breach of God's promises, for...
PAUL’S LETTER TO THE *ROMANS ROMANS _HILDA BRIGHT AND KEITH SIMONS_ CHAPTER 9 GOD’S *BLESSINGS FOR THE *JEWS 9:1-5 V1 I speak the truth in *Christ. I am not lying. The *Holy Spirit guides my con...
Summary conclusion from the above. HE HARDENETH. — The doctrine of the divine sovereignty is here expressed in its most trenchant and logical form. In Exodus 8:32; Exodus 9:34; Exodus 13:15, &c., the...
(14-18) These verses contain the second part of the vindication. This power of choosing one and refusing another has always been reserved to Himself by God; as is seen by the examples of Moses and Pha...
CHAPTER 20 THE SORROWFUL PROBLEM: JEWISH UNBELIEF; DIVINE SOVEREIGNTY Romans 9:1 WE may well think that again there was silence awhile in that Corinthian chamber, when Tertius had duly inscribed the...
From the two instances just quoted Paul draws the comprehensive conclusion: So then on whom He will He has mercy, and whom He will He hardens. The whole emphasis is on θέλει. The two modes in which Go...
In the second part of his theodicy Paul meets the objection that this sovereign freedom of God is essentially unjust....
THE RIGHTEOUSNESS OF GOD'S CHOICES Romans 9:14 God desires to do His best for every man. But, as in the case of Esau, who wantonly sold his birthright, and of Pharaoh, who turned all God's revelation...
The connection between this very remarkable passage and the preceding climax is close. The great certainty of "no separation" is the experience of one in close communion with the Lord experimentally....
(15) Therefore hath he mercy on whom he (t) will [have mercy], and whom he will he hardeneth. (15) A conclusion of the full answer to the first objection: therefore seeing that God does not save those...
And whom he will, he hardeneth. [3] That is, permits to be hardened by their own malice, as it is divers times said in Exodus, that Pharao hardened his heart. God, says St. Augustine, is said to harde...
From this particular example Paul deduces, as in Romans 9:16, the general principle, while reproducing by way of antithesis the maxim of Romans 9:16, so as to combine the two aspects in which he wishe...
“ _For the Scripture saith unto Pharoah, Even for this same purpose have I raised thee up, that I might show my power in thee, and that my name might be declared throughout all the earth. Therefore ha...
TWENTY-FIRST PASSAGE (9:1-29). THE LIBERTY OF GOD IN REGARD TO THE ELECTION OF ISRAEL. The apostle opens this passage with a preface expressing the profound grief he feels in view of the mysterious fa...
What shall we say then? Is there unrighteousness with God? God forbid. (15) For he saith to Moses, I will have mercy on whom I will have mercy, and I will have compassion on whom I will have compassio...
The circumstances under which the epistle to the Romans was written gave occasion to the most thorough and comprehensive unfolding, not of the church, but of Christianity. No apostle had ever yet visi...
18._To whom he wills then he showeth mercy, etc. _Here follows the conclusion of both parts; which can by no means be understood as being the language of any other but of the Apostle; for he immediate...
There remained one important question to be considered, namely, how this salvation, common to Jew and Gentile, both alienated from God this doctrine that there was no difference was to be reconciled w...
THEREFORE HATH HE MERCY ON WHOM HE WILL,.... These are the express words of the former testimony: it follows, AND WHOM HE WILL HE HARDENETH; which is the just and natural consequence of what is conta...
Therefore hath he mercy on whom he will _have mercy_, and whom he will he hardeneth. Ver. 18. _Therefore_] God being a free agent, cannot be unjust; he is bound to none. _ Whom he will, he hardeneth...
_For_ Or, _moreover_, rather, as it seems γαρ ought to be translated, (the passage here quoted being no proof of what immediately goes before,) God has an indisputable right to reject those who will n...
WHOM HE WILL HE HARDENETH; as he did Pharaoh, by continuing him on earth notwithstanding his sins, and suffering him, under judgments and mercies, to act out his wickedness, and thus grow harder and m...
THEREFORE HATH HE MERCY ON WHOM HE WILL HAVE MERCY, AND WHOM HE WILL HE HARDENETH. What inference shall we draw from the argument as presented in the first part of the chapter? The apostle makes ready...
THE DIVINE SOVEREIGNTY AND ITS RESULT. A serious objection answered:...
WHAT OF GOD'S PROMISES TO ISRAEL? Now, such being the case - that God had purposed in eternal counsel the blessing of Gentiles on an equal basis with Jews, as it is this day - what is to become of the...
God loved Jacob. God "hated" Esau. NOTE: 1. Nothing to de with their eternal salvation. 2. Not hate in sense of "despise, bad feelings" 3. Vine, p. 538, "Relative preference for one thing over an...
SO THEN HE HATH MERCY ON WHOM HE WILL, AND WHOM HE WILL BE HARDENETH. God chose the message of salvation (it's conditions and contents). Mercy will be extended to those that exercise obedient faith i...
14-24 Whatever God does, must be just. Wherein the holy, happy people of God differ from others, God's grace alone makes them differ. In this preventing, effectual, distinguishing grace, he acts as a...
This verse is a short repetition of the foregoing argument. THEREFORE HATH HE MERCY ON WHOM HE WILL HAVE MERCY: see ROMANS 9:15, and the notes there. AND WHOM HE WILL HE HARDENETH; i.e. in a judicial...
So then [see Romans 9:16] _he hath mercy on whom he will, and whom he will he hardeneth._ [This does not mean that God arbitrarily chooses the worst people upon whom to shower his mercies, and chooses...
Origen de Principiis Book III Thou wilt say then unto me, Why cloth He yet find fault? For who shall resist His will? O man, who art thou that repliest against God? Shall the thing formed say to him...
Romans 9:18 Therefore G686 G3767 mercy G1653 (G5719) whom G3739 wills G2309 (G5719) and G1161 whom...
THE MESSSIAH HAS COME AND IS FOR ALL. GOD HAS NOT FAILED IN HIS PROMISES TO THE TRUE ISRAEL. SALVATION FOR ALL IS THROUGH FAITH IN THE MESSIAH (9:1-11:36) Paul now expands on Chapter s 1-8, in which h...
NOT ALL ISRAEL ARE THE TRUE ISRAEL. THE TRUE ISRAEL ARE A REMNANT OF ISRAEL CHOSEN BY GOD, TOGETHER WITH SOME BELIEVING GENTILES. FOR GOD HAS A RIGHT TO DO WHAT HE WILL (9:6-29). Paul now begins to es...
‘So then he has mercy on whom he will, and whom he will be hardens.' Paul assumes that his readers will connect Pharaoh's being raised up to glorify God with his hardening of heart, a condition expres...
THE SCRIPTURE DEMONSTRATES THAT GOD IS SOVEREIGN OVER ALL THINGS AND HAS MERCY ON WHOM HE WILLS (9:14-18). Paul recognises that what he has just demonstrated about God's elective mercy might raise the...
Romans 9:18. SO THEN (as in Romans 9:16; the E. V. varies unnecessarily), summing up the whole matter, after considering both sides. ON WHOM HE WILL HE HATH MERCY. We thus restore the correspondence...
II. _God's Promise is not Void._ The rejection of the gospel by the Jews, which has caused the deep emotion of the Apostle in view of their great privileges (Romans 9:1-5), does not render God's promi...
HE HARDENETH (σκληρυνε). Pharaoh hardened his own heart also (Exodus 8:15; Exodus 8:32; Exodus 9:34), but God gives men up also (Romans 1:24;...
Paul begins by expressing his great sorrow because the Jews had rejected Christ. Romans 9:1. _I say the truth in Christ, I lie not, my conscience also bearing me witness in the Holy Ghost, That I hav...
The Jews thought that God must certainly save them. They thought they had a birth claim. Were they not the children of Abraham? Surely they had some right to it. This chapter battles the question of r...
CONTENTS: Covenants of Israel not set aside by Gospel. The seven-fold privilege of Israel. The blinding of Israel and God's mercy to the Gentiles. CHARACTERS: God, Christ, Holy Spirit, Abraham, Sarah...
Romans 9:1. _I say the truth in Christ, I lie not._ These forms of speech are equivalent to a solemn oath, and emanate from a heart deeply imbued with the sentiments of the Saviour, who often wept ove...
GOD HAS MERCY ON WHOM HE WISHES. God's mercy and wrath are not influenced by human claims. The "making stubborn" of Pharaoh is explained by 2 Thessalonians 2:10-12_. Godet_ says that Paul is not writi...
ROMANS—NOTE ON ROMANS 9:1 God’s Righteousness to Israel and to the Gentiles. Paul has made it clear that God’s saving promises have been fulfilled for the Gentiles. He now asks whether the promises Go...
_CRITICAL NOTES_ Romans 9:17.—According to Sir G. Wilkinson, the Pharaoh here meant was Thothmes III., not drowned, but overthrown in the Red Sea. Reigned twenty-five years after that event. So Jewish...
EXPOSITION ROMANS 11:1 2. _The present position and prospects of the Jewish nation con-sidereal._ ROMANS 9:1 (1) _Deep regret expressed for the present exclusion of the Jewish nation from inheritan...
Paul has just closed the eighth chapter of Romans in which he has taken us into the very peaks of the spiritual experiences that are ours in Christ Jesus. Showing us that we have this glorious place i...
2 Thessalonians 2:10; Acts 28:26; Deuteronomy 2:30; Ephesians 1:6;...
He will [θ ε λ ε ι]. In a decretory sense. See on Matthew 1:19. Hardeneth [σ κ λ η ρ υ ν ε ι]. Only here by Paul. See on hard, Matthew 25:24; Jude 1:14; James 3:4
HATH GOD CAST AWAY HIS PEOPLE? Romans 9:1 INTRODUCTORY WORDS 1. We have the depths of the heart of Paul toward the Jews. How the heart of the Apostle must have throbbed as he wrote, "I say the truth...
As if he had said, "From these scripture instances we may gather and conclude, that God may without the least injustice magnify his mercy, in sparing and pardoning some sinners, and render his justice...