With this verse the writer returns to the denunciation of the false teachers. Like the angels, the men before the Flood, the men of Sodom, they had sinned through lust.

ὀπίσω σαρκός in Jude 1:7.

ἐπιθυμίᾳ μιασμοῦ. Adjectival as αἱρέσεις�, 2 Peter 2:1.

κυριότητος καταφρονοῦντας. This is the main theme of the next verse and of Jude 1:8-9, δόξας οὐ τρέμουσιν βλασφημοῦντες κ.τ.λ. The primary application of both κυριότης and δόξα may well be to orders of angels. The men of Sodom, in particular, had not recognised the angels. But the words seem to have another meaning when applied to the false teachers, and to indicate the authorities of the Church against whom they were in revolt. They are spoken of repeatedly as anarchists, and compared to Korah, who withstood Moses. We are reminded of the angels of the seven churches in Revelation 1-3, by whom, the bishops of the churches are often thought to be meant.

κυριότης is used by St Paul of a definite order of angels, Ephesians 1:21 (singular), Colossians 1:16 (plural); “dominions” (A.V.): in the medieval hierarchy of angels, Dominationes.

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Old Testament