Luke 13:1-9
Luke 13:1-9. ACCIDENTS AND JUDGMENTS. THE BARREN FIG-TREE... [ Continue Reading ]
Luke 13:1-9. ACCIDENTS AND JUDGMENTS. THE BARREN FIG-TREE... [ Continue Reading ]
ΠΑΡΗ͂ΣΑΝ … ἘΝ ΑΥ̓ΤΩ͂Ι ΤΩ͂Ι ΚΑΙΡΩ͂Ι. ‘There arrived at that very season.’ The curious phrase (comp. Luke 12:12) seems to imply that they had come on purpose to announce this catastrophe. Hence some have supposed that they wished to kindle in the mind of Jesus as a Galilaean (Luke 23:5) a spirit of Me... [ Continue Reading ]
CHAPS. Luke 9:51 to Luke 18:31 This section forms a great episode in St Luke, which may be called the departure for the final conflict, and is identical with the journey (probably to the Feast of the Dedication, John 10:22) which is partially touched upon in Matthew 18:1 to Matthew 20:16 and Mark 10... [ Continue Reading ]
ἉΜΑΡΤΩΛΟῚ ΠΑΡᾺ ΠΆΝΤΑΣ ΤΟῪΣ ΓΑΛΙΛΑΊΟΥΣ ἘΓΈΝΟΝΤΟ. For παρὰ in comparisons see Luke 3:13; Hebrews 1:9; Hebrews 3:3. The “were” of the A. V[275] is literally, ‘_became_,’ i.e. ‘_stamped themselves as_,’ ‘proved themselves to be.’ We trace a similar mistaken ‘supposition’ in the question of the disciples... [ Continue Reading ]
3, 5. ΜΕΤΑΝΟΗ͂ΤΕ … ὉΜΟΊΩΣ … ΜΕΤΑΝΟΉΣΗΤΕ … ὩΣΑΎΤΩΣ. The MSS. vary between these words, which makes it probable that different words were used in each text. 3. ἘᾺΝ ΜῊ ΜΕΤΑΝΟΗ͂ΤΕ. The _pres._ subj. points to the necessity for a _state_ of repentance. The aor. μετανοήσητε, which is the best reading in L... [ Continue Reading ]
ἘΚΕΙ͂ΝΟΙ ΟἹ ΔΕΚΑΟΚΤΏ, ἘΦ' ΟὛΣ ἜΠΕΣΕΝ Ὁ ΠΎΡΓΟΣ ἘΝ ΤΩ͂Ι ΣΙΛΩΆΜ. It is an ingenious, but of course uncertain conjecture of Ewald, that the death of these workmen was connected with the notion of retribution because they were engaged in building part of the aqueduct to the Pool of Siloam, for the constr... [ Continue Reading ]
3, 5. ΜΕΤΑΝΟΗ͂ΤΕ … ὉΜΟΊΩΣ … ΜΕΤΑΝΟΉΣΗΤΕ … ὩΣΑΎΤΩΣ. The MSS. vary between these words, which makes it probable that different words were used in each text. 5. ΠΆΝΤΕΣ ὩΣΑΎΤΩΣ�. The readings of the word ‘likewise’ vary between ὁμοίως and ὡσαύτως; but no distinct difference of meaning between the two wo... [ Continue Reading ]
ΣΥΚΗ͂Ν … ΠΕΦΥΤΕΥΜΈΝΗΝ ἘΝ ΤΩ͂Ι�. The corners of vineyards were often utilised in this way, as they still are (Tristram, _Nat. Hist. Bib._ p. 352). Here the Jewish nation is compared to the fig-tree (Hosea 9:10; Jeremiah 24:3), as in the _acted_ parable of the Barren Fig-tree (Matthew 21:19); more oft... [ Continue Reading ]
ΠΡῸΣ ΤῸΝ�. It seems clear that in the truth which the parable shadows forth, Christ corresponds to the vine-dresser, and Jehovah to the owner (Isaiah 5:7). Some however prefer to see in the vine-dresser the Holy Spirit as Intercessor. ΤΡΊΑ ἜΤΗ. Many suppose an allusion to the length up to this time... [ Continue Reading ]
ΚΎΡΙΕ. ‘Sir,’ as far as the parable is concerned. ΚΑῚ ΤΟΥ͂ΤΟ ΤῸ ἜΤΟΣ. “The Lord … is longsuffering to usward, not willing that any should perish, but that all should come to repentance,” 2 Peter 3:9. In “this year also” it is better to see generally the respite of forty years between the crucifixio... [ Continue Reading ]
ΚἊΝ ΜῈΝ ΠΟΙΉΣΗΙ ΚΑΡΠῸΝ ΕἸΣ ΤῸ ΜΈΛΛΟΝ. The “_well_” (καλῶς ἔχει) is not in the original, the idiom being a common but striking _aposiopesis_: i.e. the conclusion of the sentence is left to the speaker’s imagination. The phrase implies, If, as is at least possible, it bears fruit;—but if not, as thou... [ Continue Reading ]
ἘΝ ΜΙΑ͂Ι ΤΩ͂Ν ΣΥΝΑΓΩΓΩ͂Ν. The mention of synagogue-teaching becomes much rarer at this later stage of Christ’s ministry. It is most probable that from some at least of the synagogues of Galilee He was excluded by the ‘lesser excommunication.’ See John 16:2.... [ Continue Reading ]
THE SABBATICAL HYPOCRITE AND THE SUFFERING WOMAN... [ Continue Reading ]
ΠΝΕΥ͂ΜΑ … ἈΣΘΕΝΕΊΑΣ. Her curvature is thus directly attributed to Satanic agency. Job 2:6-7; Acts 10:38. ἮΝ. _Aderat_; she had doubtless come there on purpose. ΜῊ ΔΥΝΑΜΈΝΗ. The μὴ can hardly be here explained, except as due to the tendency to use μὴ with participles. ΕἸΣ ΤῸ ΠΑΝΤΕΛΈΣ. Hebrews 7:25... [ Continue Reading ]
ἈΠΟΛΈΛΥΣΑΙ. Here, as elsewhere, the delicacy and force of the Greek tense implying the _immediateness_ and the _permanence_ of the cure can only be expressed in English by a periphrasis.... [ Continue Reading ]
Ὁ�. See Luke 8:41. ἈΓΑΝΑΚΤΩ͂Ν. The same strong word—implying a _personal_ resentment—is used in Matthew 20:24; Matthew 26:8. -ΤΩ͂Ι ΣΑΒΒΆΤΩΙ. See on Luke 6:2. ἘΝ ΑἿΣ ΔΕΙ͂ ἘΡΓΆΖΕΣΘΑΙ. Exodus 20:9. ἘΝ ΑΥ̓ΤΑΙ͂Σ ΟΥ̓͂Ν ἘΡΧΌΜΕΝΟΙ ΘΕΡΑΠΕΎΕΣΘΕ. As though the reception of divine grace were Sabbath-breaking... [ Continue Reading ]
ὙΠΟΚΡΙΤΑΊ. The address is in the plural, not only to the ruler of the synagogue but to all his class. 15. ὙΠΟΚΡΙΤΑΊ. ‘Hypocrites!’ (אAB), classing the man with the whole sect to which he belonged, and whose shibboleths he used. They were hypocrites (i.e. they were acting a part) because they were d... [ Continue Reading ]
ΘΥΓΑΤΈΡΑ ἈΒΡΑᾺΜ ΟΥ̓͂ΣΑΝ. See Luke 19:9. ἫΝ ἜΔΗΣΕΝ Ὁ ΣΑΤΑΝΑ͂Σ. Compare 2 Corinthians 12:7. ΔΈΚΑ ΚΑῚ ὈΚΤῺ ἜΤΗ. The _accus._ of duration. ΟΥ̓Κ ἜΔΕΙ. Our Saviour gives him back his own word “_ought_;”—but the man’s _ought_ had been one of ceremonial obligation, and the _ought_ of Jesus was founded on... [ Continue Reading ]
ΤΑΥ͂ΤΑ ΛΈΓΟΝΤΟΣ ΑΥ̓ΤΟΥ͂. ‘While He was saying these things.’ ΚΑΤΗΙΣΧΎΝΟΝΤΟ. Not “were ashamed” but ‘_were shamed_,’ i.e. were put to shame. See Isaiah 45:16 (LXX[277]). [277] LXX. Septuagint. ΓΙΝΟΜΈΝΟΙΣ. ‘Which were constantly being done.’... [ Continue Reading ]
ΟΥ̓͂Ν. אBL, Vulg[272] It[273] &c. It was altered to δὲ because the reference was misunderstood. [272] Vulg. Vulgate. [273] It. Old Latin Version (Itala). 18. ἜΛΕΓΕΝ ΟΥ̓͂Ν. The οὖν is a reference to the joy of the multitude which proved the growth of the Kingdom of God. ΤΊΝΙ ὉΜΟΊΑ ἘΣΤῚΝ Ἡ ΒΑΣΙΛΕΊΑ... [ Continue Reading ]
THE MUSTARD SEED AND THE LEAVEN... [ Continue Reading ]
ΕἸΣ ΚΗ͂ΠΟΝ ἙΑΥΤΟΥ͂. Into his own garden, where he could bestow special care upon it. “The vineyard of the Lord of Hosts is the House of Israel.” Isaiah 5:7. ἘΓΈΝΕΤΟ ΕἸΣ ΔΈΝΔΡΟΝ. Omit _great_ with אBDL, &c. The points of comparison are the sudden, secret growth, and the immense development of the ki... [ Continue Reading ]
ὉΜΟΊΑ ἘΣΤῚΝ ΖΎΜΗΙ. Except in this parable, _leaven_ in Scripture (being connected with corruption and fermentation) is used as the type of sin. See Luke 12:1; Exodus 12:1; Exodus 12:15-20; 1 Corinthians 5:6-8; Galatians 5:9. Here, however, the only point considered is its rapid, and unseen, and effe... [ Continue Reading ]
ΔΙΕΠΟΡΕΎΕΤΟ ΚΑΤᾺ ΠΌΛΕΙΣ ΚΑῚ ΚΏΜΑΣ. ‘_He was continuing His journey through the several cities and villages_.’ The κατὰ is distributive. Some see in this the starting-point of a separate journey. The expression is too vague on which to build. It may imply a fresh progress after some brief period of r... [ Continue Reading ]
THE NARROW DOOR... [ Continue Reading ]
ΕἸ ὈΛΊΓΟΙ ΟἹ ΣΩΖΌΜΕΝΟΙ; For εἰ introducing a dubious question see Matthew 12:10. The question may naturally have arisen from the last teachings respecting the small beginnings of the Kingdom of God. There is nothing to shew whether it was suggested by speculative curiosity, or by despondent pity. Bu... [ Continue Reading ]
ΘΎΡΑΣ. The πύλης of the Rec[274] probably comes from Matthew 7:13. [274] Rec. The Textus Receptus. 24. ΠΡῸΣ ΑΥ̓ΤΟΎΣ. He does not directly answer the individual questioner, but lays down a general principle for the benefit of all. ἈΓΩΝΊΖΕΣΘΕ. The word implies the strong efforts of a contest. 1 Tim... [ Continue Reading ]
ἜΞΩ ἙΣΤΆΝΑΙ ΚΑῚ ΚΡΟΎΕΙΝ ΤῊΝ ΘΎΡΑΝ. Matthew 25:10. That the first application of the warning was to Jews who relied on their privileges appears from the fact that the excluded class are not poor sinners, but self-righteous Pharisees who claim entrance as their right. ΚΎΡΙΕ ἌΝΟΙΞΟΝ ἩΜΙ͂Ν. Matthew 7:2... [ Continue Reading ]
ΤΌΤΕ ἌΡΞΕΣΘΕ ΛΈΓΕΙΝ. The fut. following the aor. subj. (ἄρξησθε) indicates the persistence of the attempts; but all excuse shall be cut short at once, Luke 3:8. ἘΝ ΤΑΙ͂Σ ΠΛΑΤΕΊΑΙΣ ἩΜΩ͂Ν ἘΔΊΔΑΞΑΣ. Here again (see Luke 13:28) we see how our Lord discouraged all notions of any advantage derived from f... [ Continue Reading ]
ΟΥ̓Κ ΟἾΔΑ ὙΜΑ͂Σ … ἈΠΌΣΤΗΤΕ�' ἘΜΟΥ͂ ΠΆΝΤΕΣ ἘΡΓΆΤΑΙ�. ‘You think yourselves safe as children of Abraham, but I know not whence you are.’ 2 Timothy 2:19, “The foundation of God standeth sure, having this seal, The Lord knoweth them that are His. And, Let every one that nameth the name of Christ depart... [ Continue Reading ]
ἘΚΕΙ͂. This is explained by Euthymius to mean _then_ (ἐν ἐκείνῳ τῷ καιρῷ), just as in Acts 13:21 κἀκεῖθεν means “_and from that time_.” It is better however to understand it to mean ‘depart to the place where’ (by brachylogy). Ὁ ΚΛΑΥΘΜῸΣ ΚΑῚ Ὁ ΒΡΥΓΜῸΣ ΤΩ͂Ν ὈΔΌΝΤΩΝ. The signs respectively of anguish... [ Continue Reading ]
ἭΞΟΥΣΙΝ�. There is an obvious reference to Isaiah 49:12; Isaiah 45:6. Nothing more furiously excited the envy of the Jews than the free admission of the Gentiles to those privileges of the Kingdom of Heaven (Ephesians 3:6) which they themselves rejected. Romans 11:1-36; Acts 13:44-52. ἈΝΑΚΛΙΘΉΣΟΝΤΑΙ... [ Continue Reading ]
ΚΑῚ ἸΔΟΎ. The phrase sometimes implies ‘strange as you may think it.’ It occurs 23 times in St Matthew, 16 in St Luke; but not in St Mark. ΕἸΣῚΝ ἜΣΧΑΤΟΙ ΟἻ ἜΣΟΝΤΑΙ ΠΡΩ͂ΤΟΙ. Our Lord used this proverbial expression more than once. Matthew 19:30. It had, besides its universal truthfulness, a special... [ Continue Reading ]
ἘΝ ΑΥ̓ΤΗ͂Ι ΤΗ͂Ι ὭΡΑΙ. _In that very hour_ (אADL, &c.). ἜΞΕΛΘΕ ΚΑῚ ΠΟΡΕΎΟΥ ἘΝΤΕΥ͂ΘΕΝ. These Pharisees were as eager as the Gadarenes to get rid of Jesus; but whether this was their sole motive or whether they further wished to separate Him from the multitudes who as yet protected His life, and to pu... [ Continue Reading ]
A MESSAGE TO HEROD ANTIPAS... [ Continue Reading ]
ΤΗ͂Ι�. ‘This she-fox,’ as though Christ saw him actually present, or identified _his_ fox-like nature with that which the Pharisees were now displaying. The fact that the word is feminine may be only due to its being _generic_. The fox was among the ancients, as well as among the moderns, the type o... [ Continue Reading ]
ΔΕΙ͂ ΜΕ … ΠΟΡΕΎΕΣΘΑΙ. ‘I must journey’; the same word as in Luke 13:31, “depart.” It seems to imply, ‘I will not leave Herod’s dominions, but I shall journey on at my own leisure through them.’ ΟΥ̓Κ ἘΝΔΈΧΕΤΑΙ, i.e. there is a moral unfitness in the murder of a Prophet anywhere but in Jerusalem. The... [ Continue Reading ]
ἹΕΡΟΥΣΑΛῊΜ ἹΕΡΟΥΣΑΛΉΜ. The words were perhaps spoken again in the Great Denunciation of the Tuesday in Passion Week, Matthew 23:37. It is noticeable that the form Ἱερουσαλήμ is always used by St Luke (26 times) except in 3 places. The other Synoptists always use Ἱεροσόλυμα except in Matthew 23:37. N... [ Continue Reading ]
ἜΡΗΜΟΣ has probably been added from Matthew 23:38. ἊΝ after ἝΩΣ is omitted in BDL, &c. ἭΞΕΙ AD, &c. 35. ἸΔΟῪ�. The authenticity of the word ἔρημος (‘desolate’) is very doubtful, as it is omitted in אABKL, &c. The words therefore mean ‘The Shechinah has vanished from you now (Ezekiel 10:19; Ezekiel... [ Continue Reading ]